Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth
Nowadays, ionic liquids (ILs) have extensive applications in biotechnology and are classified as green solvents. However, there are significant concerns over the effect of ILs on microorganism growth, especially towards mixed microorganisms. This study sets out to investigate the effect of synthesiz...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2025
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/1/Assessing%20the%20ecological%20effects%20of%20imidazolium%20hydrogen%20sulfate.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848827009451425792 |
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| author | Nurul Aliaa, Rahman Syamsul Bahari, Abdullah Salwani, Md Zain Ahmad Salihin, Samsudin Suhaila, Omar Mohamad Azmi, Bustam Roshanida, A. Rahman Alamin, Idris Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof |
| author_facet | Nurul Aliaa, Rahman Syamsul Bahari, Abdullah Salwani, Md Zain Ahmad Salihin, Samsudin Suhaila, Omar Mohamad Azmi, Bustam Roshanida, A. Rahman Alamin, Idris Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof |
| author_sort | Nurul Aliaa, Rahman |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Nowadays, ionic liquids (ILs) have extensive applications in biotechnology and are classified as green solvents. However, there are significant concerns over the effect of ILs on microorganism growth, especially towards mixed microorganisms. This study sets out to investigate the effect of synthesized ILs, particularly imidazolium hydrogen sulfate [IM][HSO4] and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate [MOR][BF4], towards mixed culture microorganisms, mainly identified as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Pseudallescheria boydii. The toxicity effect of both ILs is assessed through the disk diffusion method. Moreover, the ecological effects of mixed culture growth on ILs are analyzed by conducting the growth inhibition test in fermentation liquid media. This study reveals that the growth of mixed culture microorganisms started to decline after 4 and 5 h of injecting the [IM][HSO4] and [MOR][BF4], respectively. This shows that mixed culture microorganisms have a longstanding growth and the least inhibition effect after being exposed to [MOR][BF4] rather than [IM][HSO4]. Similar findings are observed regarding the inhibitory effects, with [MOR][BF4] showing a smaller inhibition zone compared to [IM][HSO4]. This finding clearly indicates that imidazolium based ILs are more toxic than morpholinium based ILs. The present study lays the groundwork for further experimental investigation on [MOR][BF4] towards mixed culture microorganisms through the structural characteristics, explicitly focusing on using ILs without the alkyl chain. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:53:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-44008 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:53:54Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-440082025-03-07T04:25:55Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/ Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth Nurul Aliaa, Rahman Syamsul Bahari, Abdullah Salwani, Md Zain Ahmad Salihin, Samsudin Suhaila, Omar Mohamad Azmi, Bustam Roshanida, A. Rahman Alamin, Idris Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof TP Chemical technology Nowadays, ionic liquids (ILs) have extensive applications in biotechnology and are classified as green solvents. However, there are significant concerns over the effect of ILs on microorganism growth, especially towards mixed microorganisms. This study sets out to investigate the effect of synthesized ILs, particularly imidazolium hydrogen sulfate [IM][HSO4] and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate [MOR][BF4], towards mixed culture microorganisms, mainly identified as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Pseudallescheria boydii. The toxicity effect of both ILs is assessed through the disk diffusion method. Moreover, the ecological effects of mixed culture growth on ILs are analyzed by conducting the growth inhibition test in fermentation liquid media. This study reveals that the growth of mixed culture microorganisms started to decline after 4 and 5 h of injecting the [IM][HSO4] and [MOR][BF4], respectively. This shows that mixed culture microorganisms have a longstanding growth and the least inhibition effect after being exposed to [MOR][BF4] rather than [IM][HSO4]. Similar findings are observed regarding the inhibitory effects, with [MOR][BF4] showing a smaller inhibition zone compared to [IM][HSO4]. This finding clearly indicates that imidazolium based ILs are more toxic than morpholinium based ILs. The present study lays the groundwork for further experimental investigation on [MOR][BF4] towards mixed culture microorganisms through the structural characteristics, explicitly focusing on using ILs without the alkyl chain. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2025-02-17 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/1/Assessing%20the%20ecological%20effects%20of%20imidazolium%20hydrogen%20sulfate.pdf Nurul Aliaa, Rahman and Syamsul Bahari, Abdullah and Salwani, Md Zain and Ahmad Salihin, Samsudin and Suhaila, Omar and Mohamad Azmi, Bustam and Roshanida, A. Rahman and Alamin, Idris and Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof (2025) Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth. Macromolecular Symposia, 414 (2400003). pp. 1-7. ISSN 1521-3900. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202400003 https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202400003 |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Nurul Aliaa, Rahman Syamsul Bahari, Abdullah Salwani, Md Zain Ahmad Salihin, Samsudin Suhaila, Omar Mohamad Azmi, Bustam Roshanida, A. Rahman Alamin, Idris Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| title | Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| title_full | Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| title_short | Assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| title_sort | assessing the ecological effects of imidazolium hydrogen sulfate and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids on mixed culture growth |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44008/1/Assessing%20the%20ecological%20effects%20of%20imidazolium%20hydrogen%20sulfate.pdf |