Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures
The spray characteristics significantly affected the combustion performance. The injection pressure and fuel properties are factors that affect the spray cone angle, penetration, and droplet distribution. Although substantial research has been conducted on spray attributes, understanding the complex...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Cambridge University Press
2024
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/1/Spray%20behaviour%20of%20hydro-treated%20ester%20fatty%20acids%20fuel.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/2/spray-behaviour-of-hydro-treated-ester-fatty-acids-fuel-made-from-used-cooking-oil-at-low-injection-pressures.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848826333797285888 |
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| author | Q., Azam S. Z., Sulaiman N., Abd Razak Nurul Musfirah, Mazlan |
| author_facet | Q., Azam S. Z., Sulaiman N., Abd Razak Nurul Musfirah, Mazlan |
| author_sort | Q., Azam |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The spray characteristics significantly affected the combustion performance. The injection pressure and fuel properties are factors that affect the spray cone angle, penetration, and droplet distribution. Although substantial research has been conducted on spray attributes, understanding the complex biofuel spray dynamics in real nozzles and injectors is crucial. This study examines hydro-processed esters and fatty acid (HEFA) spray characteristics of used cooking oil and palm oil biodiesel in a constant-volume chamber. The study was performed by varying the injection pressures ranging from 30 to 120psi for pure fuels and Jet A-1 blends. Experiments were conducted at standard sea-level atmospheric pressure and an ambient temperature of ±297K using an airblast fuel injector. The initial fuel temperature was set at ±302K. Jet A-1 was used as the baseline fuel for the comparative analysis. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to visualise the microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of the fuel spray. The results revealed a progressive increase in the penetration length corresponding to an increase in the injection pressure. Lower pressures yielded non-uniform particle distributions across the spray area, whereas cone angle augmentation stabilised at elevated pressures. A blend of 60% Jet A-1 and 40% HEFA closely matched Jet A-1 characteristics, indicating alternative aviation fuel potential. These real-time insights into spray behaviour are critical for enhancing the fuel efficiency and mitigating the generation of particulate emissions resulting from spray combustion. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:43:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-41431 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:43:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-414312024-05-28T07:04:27Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/ Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures Q., Azam S. Z., Sulaiman N., Abd Razak Nurul Musfirah, Mazlan T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology The spray characteristics significantly affected the combustion performance. The injection pressure and fuel properties are factors that affect the spray cone angle, penetration, and droplet distribution. Although substantial research has been conducted on spray attributes, understanding the complex biofuel spray dynamics in real nozzles and injectors is crucial. This study examines hydro-processed esters and fatty acid (HEFA) spray characteristics of used cooking oil and palm oil biodiesel in a constant-volume chamber. The study was performed by varying the injection pressures ranging from 30 to 120psi for pure fuels and Jet A-1 blends. Experiments were conducted at standard sea-level atmospheric pressure and an ambient temperature of ±297K using an airblast fuel injector. The initial fuel temperature was set at ±302K. Jet A-1 was used as the baseline fuel for the comparative analysis. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to visualise the microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of the fuel spray. The results revealed a progressive increase in the penetration length corresponding to an increase in the injection pressure. Lower pressures yielded non-uniform particle distributions across the spray area, whereas cone angle augmentation stabilised at elevated pressures. A blend of 60% Jet A-1 and 40% HEFA closely matched Jet A-1 characteristics, indicating alternative aviation fuel potential. These real-time insights into spray behaviour are critical for enhancing the fuel efficiency and mitigating the generation of particulate emissions resulting from spray combustion. Cambridge University Press 2024 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/1/Spray%20behaviour%20of%20hydro-treated%20ester%20fatty%20acids%20fuel.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/2/spray-behaviour-of-hydro-treated-ester-fatty-acids-fuel-made-from-used-cooking-oil-at-low-injection-pressures.pdf Q., Azam and S. Z., Sulaiman and N., Abd Razak and Nurul Musfirah, Mazlan (2024) Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures. The Aeronautical Journal, 128 (1323). pp. 831-845. ISSN 2059-6464. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1017/aer.2023.80 10.1017/aer.2023.80 |
| spellingShingle | T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology Q., Azam S. Z., Sulaiman N., Abd Razak Nurul Musfirah, Mazlan Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| title | Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| title_full | Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| title_fullStr | Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| title_short | Spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| title_sort | spray behaviour of hydro-treated ester fatty acids fuel made from used cooking oil at low injection pressures |
| topic | T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/1/Spray%20behaviour%20of%20hydro-treated%20ester%20fatty%20acids%20fuel.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41431/2/spray-behaviour-of-hydro-treated-ester-fatty-acids-fuel-made-from-used-cooking-oil-at-low-injection-pressures.pdf |