Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation
Estuaries are bodies of water along the coasts that are formed when fresh water from rivers flows into and mixes with salt water from the ocean. The density of seawater is greater than fresh water and it varies with salinity and temperature. Fresh water tends to float on top of seawater because of i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Semarak Ilmu Publishing
2024
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/1/Idealised%20estuary%20salinity-morphology%20effect%20characterisation%20investigation.pdf |
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| author | Tengku Fadhlin, Mohmed Noor Izam Nuryazmeen Farhan, Haron Siti Nurhayati, Mohd Ali Noor Suraya, Romali Ibrahim, Saerahany Legori |
| author_facet | Tengku Fadhlin, Mohmed Noor Izam Nuryazmeen Farhan, Haron Siti Nurhayati, Mohd Ali Noor Suraya, Romali Ibrahim, Saerahany Legori |
| author_sort | Tengku Fadhlin, Mohmed Noor Izam |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Estuaries are bodies of water along the coasts that are formed when fresh water from rivers flows into and mixes with salt water from the ocean. The density of seawater is greater than fresh water and it varies with salinity and temperature. Fresh water tends to float on top of seawater because of its lower density. Human-induced activities like the dredging of shipping lanes along the bottom estuarine, the dumping of industrial wastes into the water system, and shoreline development influence estuarine dynamics which include the mixing process. These activities lead to salinity changes and further adversely affect the estuarine ecosystem. The purpose of this research is to verify how salinity-morphology relations change in an estuarine system under various rainfall patterns, more specifically under extremely high rainfall conditions. The experiment that has been conducted studied the salinity-morphology relationships for a variety of rainfall patterns, most particularly for exceptionally high rainfall conditions, using an idealised channel. In the first part of this research, the morphology changes of the mixing between salt water (estuary) and freshwater (river) for different rainfall patterns, had been investigated in laboratory experiments. Fresh water was released from one end of the flume channel and overflowing over the weir at the other end. Meanwhile, salt water was represented by the red dye tracer released slowly through a weir and intruded horizontally to the upstream as a gravity current. In this experiment, an artificial roughened bed section was used as morphology change. The salinity pattern is plotted using Microsoft Excel. The salinity levels were measured at selected stations along the channel/longitudinal (x-axis), and also in transverse (y-axis) and vertical directions (z-axis) within the time duration. The observed salinity profile showed the difference in salinity level between heavy and light rain conditions with morphology effect where during heavy rain, the salinity level will decrease, hence, the existence of an artificial roughened bed section will affect the time taken for the process of mixing between salt water and fresh water. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:42:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-41354 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:42:48Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Semarak Ilmu Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-413542024-07-01T01:11:39Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/ Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation Tengku Fadhlin, Mohmed Noor Izam Nuryazmeen Farhan, Haron Siti Nurhayati, Mohd Ali Noor Suraya, Romali Ibrahim, Saerahany Legori T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Estuaries are bodies of water along the coasts that are formed when fresh water from rivers flows into and mixes with salt water from the ocean. The density of seawater is greater than fresh water and it varies with salinity and temperature. Fresh water tends to float on top of seawater because of its lower density. Human-induced activities like the dredging of shipping lanes along the bottom estuarine, the dumping of industrial wastes into the water system, and shoreline development influence estuarine dynamics which include the mixing process. These activities lead to salinity changes and further adversely affect the estuarine ecosystem. The purpose of this research is to verify how salinity-morphology relations change in an estuarine system under various rainfall patterns, more specifically under extremely high rainfall conditions. The experiment that has been conducted studied the salinity-morphology relationships for a variety of rainfall patterns, most particularly for exceptionally high rainfall conditions, using an idealised channel. In the first part of this research, the morphology changes of the mixing between salt water (estuary) and freshwater (river) for different rainfall patterns, had been investigated in laboratory experiments. Fresh water was released from one end of the flume channel and overflowing over the weir at the other end. Meanwhile, salt water was represented by the red dye tracer released slowly through a weir and intruded horizontally to the upstream as a gravity current. In this experiment, an artificial roughened bed section was used as morphology change. The salinity pattern is plotted using Microsoft Excel. The salinity levels were measured at selected stations along the channel/longitudinal (x-axis), and also in transverse (y-axis) and vertical directions (z-axis) within the time duration. The observed salinity profile showed the difference in salinity level between heavy and light rain conditions with morphology effect where during heavy rain, the salinity level will decrease, hence, the existence of an artificial roughened bed section will affect the time taken for the process of mixing between salt water and fresh water. Semarak Ilmu Publishing 2024-12 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_nc_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/1/Idealised%20estuary%20salinity-morphology%20effect%20characterisation%20investigation.pdf Tengku Fadhlin, Mohmed Noor Izam and Nuryazmeen Farhan, Haron and Siti Nurhayati, Mohd Ali and Noor Suraya, Romali and Ibrahim, Saerahany Legori (2024) Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 42 (1). pp. 93-103. ISSN 2462-1943. (Published) https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.42.1.93103 https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.42.1.93103 |
| spellingShingle | T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Tengku Fadhlin, Mohmed Noor Izam Nuryazmeen Farhan, Haron Siti Nurhayati, Mohd Ali Noor Suraya, Romali Ibrahim, Saerahany Legori Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| title | Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| title_full | Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| title_fullStr | Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| title_short | Idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| title_sort | idealised estuary salinity-morphology effect characterisation investigation |
| topic | T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41354/1/Idealised%20estuary%20salinity-morphology%20effect%20characterisation%20investigation.pdf |