A New Catalyst System in Transesterification of Palm Olein: Tolerance of Water and Free Fatty Acids

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A New Catalyst System in Transesterification of Palm Olein: Tolerance of Water and Free Fatty Acids

Boiler ash (BA) from oil palm empty fruit bunches used as pseudo-homogeneous base catalyst to transesterify palm olein at mild reaction conditions (3 wt.% BA dried at 105 C, 2 h; 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio at methanol refluxing temperature in 0.5 h) yielded 90% methyl esters. However, the cata...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Gaanty Pragas, Maniam, Shangeetha, Ganesan, Boey, Peng Lim, Melati, Khairuddean, Sau-Lai, Lim
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2012
Subjects:	Q Science (General) TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4090/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4090/1/fist-2012-gaanty-new_catalyst_system_abs_only.pdf

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