Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave
Phytosterols are consumed in many pharmacological products. Cocoa shell is an interesting source as its oil extract has high phytosterol content and potential of valorization. This paper reports application of microwave to control rapid heating assisting hydrodistillation (MAE-HD) of cocoa shell was...
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English English |
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AIP Publishing
2023
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/1/EXTRACTIONCCSW23.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/7/Extraction%20of%20oil%20from%20cocoa%20shell%20waste.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848826065484513280 |
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| author | Nurhamizah, Ibrahim Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Said, Nurdin Mohd Sabri, Mahmud |
| author_facet | Nurhamizah, Ibrahim Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Said, Nurdin Mohd Sabri, Mahmud |
| author_sort | Nurhamizah, Ibrahim |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Phytosterols are consumed in many pharmacological products. Cocoa shell is an interesting source as its oil extract has high phytosterol content and potential of valorization. This paper reports application of microwave to control rapid heating assisting hydrodistillation (MAE-HD) of cocoa shell waste (CSW) powder. The objectives were to optimize factors to maximize extraction yield and time. Water to CSW ratio, microwave power and extraction time were varied in One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) manner from 2:1 to 10:1, from 180 to 280 W and from 30 to 150 min, respectively using optimum, predetermined factors. Selected range of the factors was further tested in central composite design. The extract was analyzed by using the Liebermann-Burchard method to measure phytosterol amount. From the response surface of CCD, oil extraction was optimal at 225W for 90 minutes with the water-CSW ratio of 7.94:1 with the yield of 2.46 mass% under significant model of surface functions. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:38:54Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | ump-40495 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:38:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | AIP Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-404952024-02-26T06:53:26Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/ Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave Nurhamizah, Ibrahim Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Said, Nurdin Mohd Sabri, Mahmud TP Chemical technology Phytosterols are consumed in many pharmacological products. Cocoa shell is an interesting source as its oil extract has high phytosterol content and potential of valorization. This paper reports application of microwave to control rapid heating assisting hydrodistillation (MAE-HD) of cocoa shell waste (CSW) powder. The objectives were to optimize factors to maximize extraction yield and time. Water to CSW ratio, microwave power and extraction time were varied in One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) manner from 2:1 to 10:1, from 180 to 280 W and from 30 to 150 min, respectively using optimum, predetermined factors. Selected range of the factors was further tested in central composite design. The extract was analyzed by using the Liebermann-Burchard method to measure phytosterol amount. From the response surface of CCD, oil extraction was optimal at 225W for 90 minutes with the water-CSW ratio of 7.94:1 with the yield of 2.46 mass% under significant model of surface functions. AIP Publishing 2023-11-13 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/1/EXTRACTIONCCSW23.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/7/Extraction%20of%20oil%20from%20cocoa%20shell%20waste.pdf Nurhamizah, Ibrahim and Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman and Said, Nurdin and Mohd Sabri, Mahmud (2023) Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave. In: AIP Conference Proceedings. 6th International Conference of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology (ICCEIB2022) , 15–16 August 2022 , Pahang, Malaysia. , 2907 (050008). ISBN 978-0-7354-4739-4 (Published) https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0171391 |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Nurhamizah, Ibrahim Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Said, Nurdin Mohd Sabri, Mahmud Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave |
| title | Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave |
| title_full | Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave |
| title_short | Extraction of Oil from Cocoa Shell Waste by Hydrodistillation using Microwave |
| title_sort | extraction of oil from cocoa shell waste by hydrodistillation using microwave |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/1/EXTRACTIONCCSW23.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40495/7/Extraction%20of%20oil%20from%20cocoa%20shell%20waste.pdf |