Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification
The aim of the study was to identify which of methods produces the highest yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) from microalgae. Different methods of harvesting (centrifugation, Cen & coagulation, Co), extraction (Test Tube, TT & Soxhlet, Sox) and transesterification (direct transesterifi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Elsevier Ltd
2023
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/1/Composition%20of%20fatty%20acid%20methyl%20ester%20in%20microalgae%20Chlorella.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/2/Composition%20of%20fatty%20acid%20methyl%20ester%20in%20microalgae%20Chlorella%20vulgaris_Comparison%20between%20various%20methods%20of%20harvesting%2C%20extraction%20and%20transesterification_ABS.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848826041636749312 |
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| author | Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin Muhammad Azril, Mohd Yusop Nur Afiqah Ayuni, Awang Kechik Amirin Zarif, Zahuri |
| author_facet | Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin Muhammad Azril, Mohd Yusop Nur Afiqah Ayuni, Awang Kechik Amirin Zarif, Zahuri |
| author_sort | Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The aim of the study was to identify which of methods produces the highest yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) from microalgae. Different methods of harvesting (centrifugation, Cen & coagulation, Co), extraction (Test Tube, TT & Soxhlet, Sox) and transesterification (direct transesterification, d-trans & extraction transesterification, ext-trans) were considered. The procedures of this research consists of microalgae cultivation, harvesting of biomass and extraction of oil to obtain the lipid. The further process of converting lipid into FAME is followed by transesterification process. The FAME compositions of Chlorella vulgaris were analyzed using Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The main components were consists of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids for both transesterification methods. However, FAME extracted from d-trans contained more components (linoleic and linolenic acid) than ext-trans. Furthermore, the highest amount of FAME gained by ext-trans was produced by the method of centrifugation-test tube (Cen-TT). Although Cen-TT produced the highest amount of FAME for ext-trans, it still cannot meet the highest amount of FAME produced by d-trans. Therefore, the Cen-TT method was selected to be the best microalgae harvesting and extraction method in ext-trans meanwhile the most efficient transesterification method was d-trans. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:38:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-40410 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:38:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-404102024-04-16T04:23:27Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/ Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin Muhammad Azril, Mohd Yusop Nur Afiqah Ayuni, Awang Kechik Amirin Zarif, Zahuri QD Chemistry T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology The aim of the study was to identify which of methods produces the highest yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) from microalgae. Different methods of harvesting (centrifugation, Cen & coagulation, Co), extraction (Test Tube, TT & Soxhlet, Sox) and transesterification (direct transesterification, d-trans & extraction transesterification, ext-trans) were considered. The procedures of this research consists of microalgae cultivation, harvesting of biomass and extraction of oil to obtain the lipid. The further process of converting lipid into FAME is followed by transesterification process. The FAME compositions of Chlorella vulgaris were analyzed using Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The main components were consists of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids for both transesterification methods. However, FAME extracted from d-trans contained more components (linoleic and linolenic acid) than ext-trans. Furthermore, the highest amount of FAME gained by ext-trans was produced by the method of centrifugation-test tube (Cen-TT). Although Cen-TT produced the highest amount of FAME for ext-trans, it still cannot meet the highest amount of FAME produced by d-trans. Therefore, the Cen-TT method was selected to be the best microalgae harvesting and extraction method in ext-trans meanwhile the most efficient transesterification method was d-trans. Elsevier Ltd 2023 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/1/Composition%20of%20fatty%20acid%20methyl%20ester%20in%20microalgae%20Chlorella.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/2/Composition%20of%20fatty%20acid%20methyl%20ester%20in%20microalgae%20Chlorella%20vulgaris_Comparison%20between%20various%20methods%20of%20harvesting%2C%20extraction%20and%20transesterification_ABS.pdf Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin and Muhammad Azril, Mohd Yusop and Nur Afiqah Ayuni, Awang Kechik and Amirin Zarif, Zahuri (2023) Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification. Materials Today: Proceedings. pp. 1-7. ISSN 2214-7853. (In Press / Online First) (In Press / Online First) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.04.317 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.04.317 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin Muhammad Azril, Mohd Yusop Nur Afiqah Ayuni, Awang Kechik Amirin Zarif, Zahuri Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| title | Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| title_full | Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| title_fullStr | Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| title_short | Composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris : Comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| title_sort | composition of fatty acid methyl ester in microalgae chlorella vulgaris : comparison between various methods of harvesting, extraction and transesterification |
| topic | QD Chemistry T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/1/Composition%20of%20fatty%20acid%20methyl%20ester%20in%20microalgae%20Chlorella.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40410/2/Composition%20of%20fatty%20acid%20methyl%20ester%20in%20microalgae%20Chlorella%20vulgaris_Comparison%20between%20various%20methods%20of%20harvesting%2C%20extraction%20and%20transesterification_ABS.pdf |