A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement
Palm oil is a vegetable oil that is extracted from the fruits and seeds of the oil palm tree. Palm oil contains Free Fatty Acids, which can have negative consequences if repeatedly heated. Frequently heated cooking oil can undergo some physical changes such as colour darkens, Free Fatty Acids concen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Elsevier Ltd
2023
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/2/A%20spectroscopy%20study%20of%20heated%20palm%20cooking%20oil%20using%20an%20open%20path_FULL.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/3/A%20spectroscopy%20study%20of%20heated%20palm%20cooking%20oil%20using%20an%20open%20path%20.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848825463039852544 |
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| author | W. S., Salleh W. F., Muhamat S., Nurulain M. R., Salim H., Manap |
| author_facet | W. S., Salleh W. F., Muhamat S., Nurulain M. R., Salim H., Manap |
| author_sort | W. S., Salleh |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Palm oil is a vegetable oil that is extracted from the fruits and seeds of the oil palm tree. Palm oil contains Free Fatty Acids, which can have negative consequences if repeatedly heated. Frequently heated cooking oil can undergo some physical changes such as colour darkens, Free Fatty Acids concentration increases, and an unpleasant odour is produced. The purposes of this study is to analyse the absorbance spectrum of repeatedly heated cooking oil and to measure the concentration of Free Fatty Acids. Using a spectrometer apparatus, heated palm cooking oil spectrum can be obtained and Free Fatty Acids analysis can be carried out using a technique called an open path method. The result shows that heated cooking oils have different absorbance spectrum and this analysis led to the development of an optical method for measuring Free Fatty Acids concentration. It is reported that this optical sensor is successfully measure the Free Fatty Acids concentration at 364 nm. The Free Fatty Acids concentration measurement is also verified using a chemical test and the result is aligned. This is an important step in order to distinguish the class of used cooking oil for the safety of consumers. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:29:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-38262 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:29:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-382622023-08-08T01:43:55Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/ A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement W. S., Salleh W. F., Muhamat S., Nurulain M. R., Salim H., Manap TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering Palm oil is a vegetable oil that is extracted from the fruits and seeds of the oil palm tree. Palm oil contains Free Fatty Acids, which can have negative consequences if repeatedly heated. Frequently heated cooking oil can undergo some physical changes such as colour darkens, Free Fatty Acids concentration increases, and an unpleasant odour is produced. The purposes of this study is to analyse the absorbance spectrum of repeatedly heated cooking oil and to measure the concentration of Free Fatty Acids. Using a spectrometer apparatus, heated palm cooking oil spectrum can be obtained and Free Fatty Acids analysis can be carried out using a technique called an open path method. The result shows that heated cooking oils have different absorbance spectrum and this analysis led to the development of an optical method for measuring Free Fatty Acids concentration. It is reported that this optical sensor is successfully measure the Free Fatty Acids concentration at 364 nm. The Free Fatty Acids concentration measurement is also verified using a chemical test and the result is aligned. This is an important step in order to distinguish the class of used cooking oil for the safety of consumers. Elsevier Ltd 2023-04 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/2/A%20spectroscopy%20study%20of%20heated%20palm%20cooking%20oil%20using%20an%20open%20path_FULL.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/3/A%20spectroscopy%20study%20of%20heated%20palm%20cooking%20oil%20using%20an%20open%20path%20.pdf W. S., Salleh and W. F., Muhamat and S., Nurulain and M. R., Salim and H., Manap (2023) A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement. Materials Today: Proceedings. pp. 1-5. ISSN 2214-7853. (In Press / Online First) (In Press / Online First) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.03.743 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.03.743 |
| spellingShingle | TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering W. S., Salleh W. F., Muhamat S., Nurulain M. R., Salim H., Manap A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| title | A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| title_full | A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| title_fullStr | A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| title_full_unstemmed | A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| title_short | A spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| title_sort | spectroscopy study of heated palm cooking oil using an open path optical method for free fatty acids concentration measurement |
| topic | TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/2/A%20spectroscopy%20study%20of%20heated%20palm%20cooking%20oil%20using%20an%20open%20path_FULL.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/38262/3/A%20spectroscopy%20study%20of%20heated%20palm%20cooking%20oil%20using%20an%20open%20path%20.pdf |