Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study
Biodegradable films made from biopolymer materials have the potential to replace conventional plastics, which can reduce waste disposal problems. This study aims to explore the potential of different seaweed derivate films consisting of 2% (w/w) of kappaphycus alverezi (KA), kappa carrageenan (KC),...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/1/Exploring%20the%20Potential%20of%20Seaweed%20Derivatives%20for%20the%20development.pdf |
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| author | Wan Amnin, Wan Yahaya Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Fatmawati, Adam Sarmilaah Dewi, Subramaniam Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid Almajano, María Pilar |
| author_facet | Wan Amnin, Wan Yahaya Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Fatmawati, Adam Sarmilaah Dewi, Subramaniam Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid Almajano, María Pilar |
| author_sort | Wan Amnin, Wan Yahaya |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Biodegradable films made from biopolymer materials have the potential to replace conventional plastics, which can reduce waste disposal problems. This study aims to explore the potential of different seaweed derivate films consisting of 2% (w/w) of kappaphycus alverezi (KA), kappa carrageenan (KC), refined carrageenan (RC) and semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) as bio-based materials with 0.9% (w/w) glycerol (G), and reinforced with different concentrations of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) derived from palm waste. A characterization of the glycerol-plasticized seaweed derivatives containing 0, 5, 10, and 15% (v/w) cellulose nanofiber is carried out. The CNFs were studied based on their mechanical, physical and thermal properties including mechanical properties, thickness, moisture content, opacity, water solubility, water vapor permeability and thermal stability. The hydrogen bonding was determined using the DFT calculation generated by Gauss view software version 9.6. The KA + G + 10%CNF film exhibited a surface with slight cracks, roughness, and larger lumps and dents, resulting in inferior mechanical properties (18.50 Mpa), making it unsuitable for biofilm production. The KC + G + 10%CNF film exhibited mechanical properties 24.97 Mpa and water vapor permeability of 1.42311 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1. The RC/G/10%CNF film displayed the highest TS (48.23 MPa) and water vapor permeability (1.4168 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1), but it also had higher solubility in water (66%). In contrast, the SRC + G + 10%CNF film demonstrated excellent mechanical properties (45.98 MPa), low water solubility (42.59%), low water vapor permeability (1.3719 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1), and a high decomposition temperature (250.62 °C) compared to KA, KC and RC. These attributes develop films suitable for various applications, including food packaging with enhanced properties and stability. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:28:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-37929 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-379292023-07-05T01:32:03Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/ Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study Wan Amnin, Wan Yahaya Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Fatmawati, Adam Sarmilaah Dewi, Subramaniam Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid Almajano, María Pilar TP Chemical technology Biodegradable films made from biopolymer materials have the potential to replace conventional plastics, which can reduce waste disposal problems. This study aims to explore the potential of different seaweed derivate films consisting of 2% (w/w) of kappaphycus alverezi (KA), kappa carrageenan (KC), refined carrageenan (RC) and semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) as bio-based materials with 0.9% (w/w) glycerol (G), and reinforced with different concentrations of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) derived from palm waste. A characterization of the glycerol-plasticized seaweed derivatives containing 0, 5, 10, and 15% (v/w) cellulose nanofiber is carried out. The CNFs were studied based on their mechanical, physical and thermal properties including mechanical properties, thickness, moisture content, opacity, water solubility, water vapor permeability and thermal stability. The hydrogen bonding was determined using the DFT calculation generated by Gauss view software version 9.6. The KA + G + 10%CNF film exhibited a surface with slight cracks, roughness, and larger lumps and dents, resulting in inferior mechanical properties (18.50 Mpa), making it unsuitable for biofilm production. The KC + G + 10%CNF film exhibited mechanical properties 24.97 Mpa and water vapor permeability of 1.42311 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1. The RC/G/10%CNF film displayed the highest TS (48.23 MPa) and water vapor permeability (1.4168 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1), but it also had higher solubility in water (66%). In contrast, the SRC + G + 10%CNF film demonstrated excellent mechanical properties (45.98 MPa), low water solubility (42.59%), low water vapor permeability (1.3719 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1), and a high decomposition temperature (250.62 °C) compared to KA, KC and RC. These attributes develop films suitable for various applications, including food packaging with enhanced properties and stability. MDPI 2023-06 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/1/Exploring%20the%20Potential%20of%20Seaweed%20Derivatives%20for%20the%20development.pdf Wan Amnin, Wan Yahaya and Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman and Fatmawati, Adam and Sarmilaah Dewi, Subramaniam and Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid and Almajano, María Pilar (2023) Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study. Polymers, 15 (13). pp. 1-18. ISSN 2073-4360. (Published) https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132884 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132884 |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Wan Amnin, Wan Yahaya Nurul Aini, Mohd Azman Fatmawati, Adam Sarmilaah Dewi, Subramaniam Khadijah Husna, Abd Hamid Almajano, María Pilar Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study |
| title | Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study |
| title_full | Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study |
| title_short | Exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: A comparative study |
| title_sort | exploring the potential of seaweed derivatives for the development of biodegradable plastics: a comparative study |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37929/1/Exploring%20the%20Potential%20of%20Seaweed%20Derivatives%20for%20the%20development.pdf |