An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document
Digital form nowadays has been easily manipulated by many corrupters especially in formal business. PDF document is one of the main digital forms that need to be accessed when dealing with offer letters, scanned documents, digital receipt, etc. Thus, PDF is one of the critical data that needs to be...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Engg Journals Publications
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/1/An%20implementing%20of%20zigzag%20pattern.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848825202842009600 |
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| author | Usop, Nur Alya Afikah Izhar Hisham, Syifak Abd Ghani, Aqilah Mohd Zain, Jasni |
| author_facet | Usop, Nur Alya Afikah Izhar Hisham, Syifak Abd Ghani, Aqilah Mohd Zain, Jasni |
| author_sort | Usop, Nur Alya Afikah |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Digital form nowadays has been easily manipulated by many corrupters especially in formal business. PDF document is one of the main digital forms that need to be accessed when dealing with offer letters, scanned documents, digital receipt, etc. Thus, PDF is one of the critical data that needs to be protected from any manipulations of its originality. An experiment is conducted to develop an improved zigzag-LSB watermarking scheme for all characters of text documents in PDF format which proved to have the best embedding system of numbering. The techniques used special numbering manners by spreading the numbered original data as far as possible from the original locations. The schemes embedded authentication data in least significant bits (LSB). These methods have been proven to be effective since it uses an image-based approach with a numbering pattern that is robust to deletion, image splicing, and copy attacks. Results show three types of attacks in PDF documentation managed to detect tamper location after being tampered. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:25:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-37258 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:25:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Engg Journals Publications |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-372582023-03-10T00:53:27Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/ An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document Usop, Nur Alya Afikah Izhar Hisham, Syifak Abd Ghani, Aqilah Mohd Zain, Jasni QA76 Computer software Digital form nowadays has been easily manipulated by many corrupters especially in formal business. PDF document is one of the main digital forms that need to be accessed when dealing with offer letters, scanned documents, digital receipt, etc. Thus, PDF is one of the critical data that needs to be protected from any manipulations of its originality. An experiment is conducted to develop an improved zigzag-LSB watermarking scheme for all characters of text documents in PDF format which proved to have the best embedding system of numbering. The techniques used special numbering manners by spreading the numbered original data as far as possible from the original locations. The schemes embedded authentication data in least significant bits (LSB). These methods have been proven to be effective since it uses an image-based approach with a numbering pattern that is robust to deletion, image splicing, and copy attacks. Results show three types of attacks in PDF documentation managed to detect tamper location after being tampered. Engg Journals Publications 2022-09 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/1/An%20implementing%20of%20zigzag%20pattern.pdf Usop, Nur Alya Afikah and Izhar Hisham, Syifak and Abd Ghani, Aqilah and Mohd Zain, Jasni (2022) An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document. Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, 13 (5). 1733 -1751. ISSN 0976-5166. (Published) https://doi.org/10.21817/indjcse/2022/v13i5/221305172 https://doi.org/10.21817/indjcse/2022/v13i5/221305172 |
| spellingShingle | QA76 Computer software Usop, Nur Alya Afikah Izhar Hisham, Syifak Abd Ghani, Aqilah Mohd Zain, Jasni An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| title | An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| title_full | An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| title_fullStr | An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| title_full_unstemmed | An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| title_short | An implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| title_sort | implementing of zigzag pattern in numbering watermarking bits for high detection accuracy of tampers in document |
| topic | QA76 Computer software |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/37258/1/An%20implementing%20of%20zigzag%20pattern.pdf |