Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification
Conventionally, polyurethane (PU) is derived from the non-renewable petroleum feedstocks, polyol polyester and di-isocyanate. Bio-based polyol polyester is an alternate to reduce the environmental impacts of the petroleum-based polyol polyester. Bio-based reactants, sorbitol (SL) and azelaic (AA) ac...
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2020
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/1/Bio-based%20sorbitol%20azelaic%20acid%20ester%20synthesis%20through%20germanium.pdf |
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| author | Nurwadiah, Azizan Chin, S. Y. Muhammad Ridzuan, Kamaruzaman Prasetiawan, Haniif |
| author_facet | Nurwadiah, Azizan Chin, S. Y. Muhammad Ridzuan, Kamaruzaman Prasetiawan, Haniif |
| author_sort | Nurwadiah, Azizan |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Conventionally, polyurethane (PU) is derived from the non-renewable petroleum feedstocks, polyol polyester and di-isocyanate. Bio-based polyol polyester is an alternate to reduce the environmental impacts of the petroleum-based polyol polyester. Bio-based reactants, sorbitol (SL) and azelaic (AA) acid were used in the esterification to produce sorbitol azelaic acid ester (SAAE) using germanium (IV) oxide (GeO2) as a catalyst. The experimental studies set at various operating conditions were conducted to determine the best operating condition that gave product with highest AA conversion and acceptable colour. The best operating condition was achieved at a temperature of 200°C, SL/AA reactant ratio of 4:1 and catalyst loading of 0.5 wt%, with the corresponding AA conversion of 90.10%. The kinetic data was well fitted to the Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson (LHHW) model with the corresponding activation energy of 11.55 kJ/mol. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:00:19Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | ump-30921 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:00:19Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-309212021-03-12T08:56:07Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/ Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification Nurwadiah, Azizan Chin, S. Y. Muhammad Ridzuan, Kamaruzaman Prasetiawan, Haniif QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology Conventionally, polyurethane (PU) is derived from the non-renewable petroleum feedstocks, polyol polyester and di-isocyanate. Bio-based polyol polyester is an alternate to reduce the environmental impacts of the petroleum-based polyol polyester. Bio-based reactants, sorbitol (SL) and azelaic (AA) acid were used in the esterification to produce sorbitol azelaic acid ester (SAAE) using germanium (IV) oxide (GeO2) as a catalyst. The experimental studies set at various operating conditions were conducted to determine the best operating condition that gave product with highest AA conversion and acceptable colour. The best operating condition was achieved at a temperature of 200°C, SL/AA reactant ratio of 4:1 and catalyst loading of 0.5 wt%, with the corresponding AA conversion of 90.10%. The kinetic data was well fitted to the Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson (LHHW) model with the corresponding activation energy of 11.55 kJ/mol. IOP Publishing 2020 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/1/Bio-based%20sorbitol%20azelaic%20acid%20ester%20synthesis%20through%20germanium.pdf Nurwadiah, Azizan and Chin, S. Y. and Muhammad Ridzuan, Kamaruzaman and Prasetiawan, Haniif (2020) Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification. In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Energy Security and Chemical Engineering Congress , 17-19 July 2019 , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. pp. 1-13., 736 (022098). ISSN 1757-899X (Published) https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/736/2/022098 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology Nurwadiah, Azizan Chin, S. Y. Muhammad Ridzuan, Kamaruzaman Prasetiawan, Haniif Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification |
| title | Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification |
| title_full | Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification |
| title_fullStr | Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification |
| title_short | Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification |
| title_sort | bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (iv) oxide catalysed esterification |
| topic | QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921/1/Bio-based%20sorbitol%20azelaic%20acid%20ester%20synthesis%20through%20germanium.pdf |