Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement
Friction and wear are the main factors in the failure of the piston in automobile engines. The objective of this work was to improve the tribological behaviour and lubricant properties using hybrid Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) and Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles blended with SAE 40 as a base fluid. T...
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| Online Access: | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29346/ |
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| author | Sakinah, Hisham Kumaran, Kadirgama Hussein, A. Mohammed Kumar, Amit Devarajan, Ramasamy Mahendran, Samykano Saidur, Rahman |
| author_facet | Sakinah, Hisham Kumaran, Kadirgama Hussein, A. Mohammed Kumar, Amit Devarajan, Ramasamy Mahendran, Samykano Saidur, Rahman |
| author_sort | Sakinah, Hisham |
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| collection | Online Access |
| description | Friction and wear are the main factors in the failure of the piston in automobile engines. The objective of this work was to improve the tribological behaviour and lubricant properties using hybrid Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) and Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles blended with SAE 40 as a base fluid. The two-step method was used in the hybrid nanofluid preparation. Three different concentrations were prepared in a range of 0.1% to 0.5%. Kinematic viscosity and viscosity index were also identified. The friction and wear behavior were evaluated using a tribometer based on ASTM G181. The CNC-CuO nano lubricant shows a significant improvement in term of viscosity index by 44.3–47.12% while for friction, the coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 1.5%, respectively, during high and low-speed loads (boundary regime), and 30.95% during a high-speed, and low load (mixed regime). The wear morphologies results also show that a smoother surface was obtained after using CNC-CuO nano lubricant compared to SAE 40. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:58:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-29346 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:58:09Z |
| publisher | MDPI - Open Access Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-293462025-09-26T08:31:09Z https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29346/ Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement Sakinah, Hisham Kumaran, Kadirgama Hussein, A. Mohammed Kumar, Amit Devarajan, Ramasamy Mahendran, Samykano Saidur, Rahman TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Friction and wear are the main factors in the failure of the piston in automobile engines. The objective of this work was to improve the tribological behaviour and lubricant properties using hybrid Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) and Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles blended with SAE 40 as a base fluid. The two-step method was used in the hybrid nanofluid preparation. Three different concentrations were prepared in a range of 0.1% to 0.5%. Kinematic viscosity and viscosity index were also identified. The friction and wear behavior were evaluated using a tribometer based on ASTM G181. The CNC-CuO nano lubricant shows a significant improvement in term of viscosity index by 44.3–47.12% while for friction, the coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 1.5%, respectively, during high and low-speed loads (boundary regime), and 30.95% during a high-speed, and low load (mixed regime). The wear morphologies results also show that a smoother surface was obtained after using CNC-CuO nano lubricant compared to SAE 40. MDPI - Open Access Publishing Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_nc_4 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29346/1/19.%20Hybrid%20nanocellulose-copper%20%28ii%29%20oxide%20as%20engine%20oil.pdf Sakinah, Hisham and Kumaran, Kadirgama and Hussein, A. Mohammed and Kumar, Amit and Devarajan, Ramasamy and Mahendran, Samykano and Saidur, Rahman Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement. Molecules, 25 (13). pp. 1-16. ISSN 1420-3049 (print); 1420-3049 (online). (Published) https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132975 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132975 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132975 |
| spellingShingle | TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Sakinah, Hisham Kumaran, Kadirgama Hussein, A. Mohammed Kumar, Amit Devarajan, Ramasamy Mahendran, Samykano Saidur, Rahman Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| title | Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| title_full | Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| title_short | Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| title_sort | hybrid nanocellulose-copper (ii) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement |
| topic | TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| url | https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29346/ https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29346/ https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29346/ |