Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina
With increasing environmental concern around the world, alternative energy became more and more important. Biodiesel is one of favorable alternative fuel which has been implemented widely by blended to fossil diesel. Palm fatty acid distillate, by-product from palm oil refinery is one of sources uti...
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
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Panoply Consultancy
2017
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796/1/fkksa-2017-zaheera-Esterification%20of%20Palm%20Fatty%20Acid%20Distillate%20using%20Sulfonated%20Alumina.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848820964744232960 |
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| author | Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim |
| author_facet | Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim |
| author_sort | Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | With increasing environmental concern around the world, alternative energy became more and more important. Biodiesel is one of favorable alternative fuel which has been implemented widely by blended to fossil diesel. Palm fatty acid distillate, by-product from palm oil refinery is one of sources utilized to produce biodiesel. As the palm fatty acid distillate has high free fatty acid content, the catalyst used should be acidic in nature. Sulfonated alumina catalyst, having pH between 1.8 and 3.0, prepared by wet impregnation method using sulfuric acid, is used to aid the esterification process. Variation of reaction time, methanol to PFAD molar ratio and catalyst amount were implemented to get the highest possible conversion of >80%. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T02:17:49Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | ump-19796 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T02:17:49Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Panoply Consultancy |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-197962021-09-07T02:24:18Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796/ Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim QD Chemistry With increasing environmental concern around the world, alternative energy became more and more important. Biodiesel is one of favorable alternative fuel which has been implemented widely by blended to fossil diesel. Palm fatty acid distillate, by-product from palm oil refinery is one of sources utilized to produce biodiesel. As the palm fatty acid distillate has high free fatty acid content, the catalyst used should be acidic in nature. Sulfonated alumina catalyst, having pH between 1.8 and 3.0, prepared by wet impregnation method using sulfuric acid, is used to aid the esterification process. Variation of reaction time, methanol to PFAD molar ratio and catalyst amount were implemented to get the highest possible conversion of >80%. Panoply Consultancy 2017 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796/1/fkksa-2017-zaheera-Esterification%20of%20Palm%20Fatty%20Acid%20Distillate%20using%20Sulfonated%20Alumina.pdf Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor and Gaanty Pragas, Maniam and Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim (2017) Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina. In: Proceeding Of ICBN 2017 Langkawi, Malaysia , 29-30 March 2017 , Langkawi, Malaysia. pp. 36-39.. ISBN 978-967-13620-4-4 (Published) |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina |
| title | Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina |
| title_full | Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina |
| title_fullStr | Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina |
| title_short | Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina |
| title_sort | esterification of palm fatty acid distillate using sulfonated alumina |
| topic | QD Chemistry |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796/1/fkksa-2017-zaheera-Esterification%20of%20Palm%20Fatty%20Acid%20Distillate%20using%20Sulfonated%20Alumina.pdf |