Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett

Mushrooms have gained worldwide popularity for both their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite thousands of edible mushrooms worldwide, only a handful of mushrooms are available on a commercial scale or have been extensively studied for their therapeutic properties. A lot of research on hea...

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Main Author: Muhammad Taha , Bennett
Format: Thesis
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/2/Muhammad_Taha.pdf
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/1/Muhammad_Taha_Bennett.pdf
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author Muhammad Taha , Bennett
author_facet Muhammad Taha , Bennett
author_sort Muhammad Taha , Bennett
building UM Research Repository
collection Online Access
description Mushrooms have gained worldwide popularity for both their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite thousands of edible mushrooms worldwide, only a handful of mushrooms are available on a commercial scale or have been extensively studied for their therapeutic properties. A lot of research on health properties of mushrooms focus on chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes. In particular, a lot of research is currently focusing on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. The current research focuses on Calocybe indica Purkayastha & Chandra (milky white mushroom), a relatively unknown mushroom. Fresh fruiting bodies of mushrooms were sliced then either freeze-dried or oven-dried before extracted using aqueous and ethanolic (99.8%) solvents. Cultures of mouse Neuro-2a-blastoma (N2a) cells were seeded into a 96-well plate and assessed by using a colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with varying concentrations of the mushroom extracts (0-500 μg/mL) in order to determine potential neuroprotective properties of the mushroom. A negative control of N2a cells was used to determine cell viability and a positive control of H2O2 was used to determine cell toxicity. Oven-dried aqueous extract of Calocybe indica showed the highest cell viability (121%), followed by oven-dried ethanol extract (113%), freeze-dried aqueous extract (112%), and freeze-dried ethanol extract (105%). Neuroprotection against H2O2 followed a similar trend. Lower concentrations of Calocbye indica correlated with higher cell viability and neuroprotection. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the mushroom were evaluated using a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dye.Oven-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest neuroprotective effects, the second highest total phenolic content (5.04 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight), and the third highest antioxidant activity (12.89 mg/mL). Freeze-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenolic content (7.2 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight) and the highest antioxidant activity (EC50=8.63 mg/mL) despite having the lowest neuroprotective effects. A moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.61) was found between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. While phenolic content plays a considerable role in antioxidant activity, there is reasonable evidence that non-phenolic compounds contribute greatly to antioxidant activity and neuroprotection.
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spelling um-144772023-06-07T21:57:36Z Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett Muhammad Taha , Bennett Q Science (General) QH301 Biology Mushrooms have gained worldwide popularity for both their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite thousands of edible mushrooms worldwide, only a handful of mushrooms are available on a commercial scale or have been extensively studied for their therapeutic properties. A lot of research on health properties of mushrooms focus on chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes. In particular, a lot of research is currently focusing on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. The current research focuses on Calocybe indica Purkayastha & Chandra (milky white mushroom), a relatively unknown mushroom. Fresh fruiting bodies of mushrooms were sliced then either freeze-dried or oven-dried before extracted using aqueous and ethanolic (99.8%) solvents. Cultures of mouse Neuro-2a-blastoma (N2a) cells were seeded into a 96-well plate and assessed by using a colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with varying concentrations of the mushroom extracts (0-500 μg/mL) in order to determine potential neuroprotective properties of the mushroom. A negative control of N2a cells was used to determine cell viability and a positive control of H2O2 was used to determine cell toxicity. Oven-dried aqueous extract of Calocybe indica showed the highest cell viability (121%), followed by oven-dried ethanol extract (113%), freeze-dried aqueous extract (112%), and freeze-dried ethanol extract (105%). Neuroprotection against H2O2 followed a similar trend. Lower concentrations of Calocbye indica correlated with higher cell viability and neuroprotection. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the mushroom were evaluated using a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dye.Oven-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest neuroprotective effects, the second highest total phenolic content (5.04 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight), and the third highest antioxidant activity (12.89 mg/mL). Freeze-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenolic content (7.2 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight) and the highest antioxidant activity (EC50=8.63 mg/mL) despite having the lowest neuroprotective effects. A moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.61) was found between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. While phenolic content plays a considerable role in antioxidant activity, there is reasonable evidence that non-phenolic compounds contribute greatly to antioxidant activity and neuroprotection. 2021-12 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/2/Muhammad_Taha.pdf application/pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/1/Muhammad_Taha_Bennett.pdf Muhammad Taha , Bennett (2021) Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaya. http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
QH301 Biology
Muhammad Taha , Bennett
Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
title Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
title_full Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
title_fullStr Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
title_full_unstemmed Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
title_short Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
title_sort comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of calocybe indica (purkayastha & chandra) in neuro-2a-blastoma cell / muhammad taha bennett
topic Q Science (General)
QH301 Biology
url http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/2/Muhammad_Taha.pdf
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/1/Muhammad_Taha_Bennett.pdf