Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett
Mushrooms have gained worldwide popularity for both their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite thousands of edible mushrooms worldwide, only a handful of mushrooms are available on a commercial scale or have been extensively studied for their therapeutic properties. A lot of research on hea...
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| Format: | Thesis |
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2021
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| Online Access: | http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/ http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/2/Muhammad_Taha.pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/1/Muhammad_Taha_Bennett.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848774977642299392 |
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| author | Muhammad Taha , Bennett |
| author_facet | Muhammad Taha , Bennett |
| author_sort | Muhammad Taha , Bennett |
| building | UM Research Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Mushrooms have gained worldwide popularity for both their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite thousands of edible mushrooms worldwide, only a handful of mushrooms are available on a commercial scale or have been extensively studied for their therapeutic properties. A lot of research on health properties of mushrooms focus on chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes. In particular, a lot of research is currently focusing on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. The current research focuses on Calocybe indica Purkayastha & Chandra (milky white mushroom), a relatively unknown mushroom. Fresh fruiting bodies of mushrooms were sliced then either freeze-dried or oven-dried before extracted using aqueous and ethanolic (99.8%) solvents. Cultures of mouse Neuro-2a-blastoma (N2a) cells were seeded into a 96-well plate and assessed by using a colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with varying concentrations of the mushroom extracts (0-500 μg/mL) in order to determine potential neuroprotective properties of the mushroom. A negative control of N2a cells was used to determine cell viability and a positive control of H2O2 was used to determine cell toxicity. Oven-dried aqueous extract of Calocybe indica showed the highest cell viability (121%), followed by oven-dried ethanol extract (113%), freeze-dried aqueous extract (112%), and freeze-dried ethanol extract (105%). Neuroprotection against H2O2 followed a similar trend. Lower concentrations of Calocbye indica correlated with higher cell viability and neuroprotection. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the mushroom were evaluated using a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dye.Oven-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest neuroprotective effects, the second highest total phenolic content (5.04 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight), and the third highest antioxidant activity (12.89 mg/mL). Freeze-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenolic content (7.2 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight) and the highest antioxidant activity (EC50=8.63 mg/mL) despite having the lowest neuroprotective effects. A moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.61) was found between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. While phenolic content plays a considerable role in antioxidant activity, there is reasonable evidence that non-phenolic compounds contribute greatly to antioxidant activity and neuroprotection.
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| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T14:06:52Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | um-14477 |
| institution | University Malaya |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T14:06:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | um-144772023-06-07T21:57:36Z Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett Muhammad Taha , Bennett Q Science (General) QH301 Biology Mushrooms have gained worldwide popularity for both their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite thousands of edible mushrooms worldwide, only a handful of mushrooms are available on a commercial scale or have been extensively studied for their therapeutic properties. A lot of research on health properties of mushrooms focus on chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes. In particular, a lot of research is currently focusing on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. The current research focuses on Calocybe indica Purkayastha & Chandra (milky white mushroom), a relatively unknown mushroom. Fresh fruiting bodies of mushrooms were sliced then either freeze-dried or oven-dried before extracted using aqueous and ethanolic (99.8%) solvents. Cultures of mouse Neuro-2a-blastoma (N2a) cells were seeded into a 96-well plate and assessed by using a colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with varying concentrations of the mushroom extracts (0-500 μg/mL) in order to determine potential neuroprotective properties of the mushroom. A negative control of N2a cells was used to determine cell viability and a positive control of H2O2 was used to determine cell toxicity. Oven-dried aqueous extract of Calocybe indica showed the highest cell viability (121%), followed by oven-dried ethanol extract (113%), freeze-dried aqueous extract (112%), and freeze-dried ethanol extract (105%). Neuroprotection against H2O2 followed a similar trend. Lower concentrations of Calocbye indica correlated with higher cell viability and neuroprotection. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the mushroom were evaluated using a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dye.Oven-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest neuroprotective effects, the second highest total phenolic content (5.04 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight), and the third highest antioxidant activity (12.89 mg/mL). Freeze-dried ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenolic content (7.2 mg GAE/50 g dried mushroom weight) and the highest antioxidant activity (EC50=8.63 mg/mL) despite having the lowest neuroprotective effects. A moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.61) was found between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. While phenolic content plays a considerable role in antioxidant activity, there is reasonable evidence that non-phenolic compounds contribute greatly to antioxidant activity and neuroprotection. 2021-12 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/2/Muhammad_Taha.pdf application/pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/1/Muhammad_Taha_Bennett.pdf Muhammad Taha , Bennett (2021) Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaya. http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/ |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) QH301 Biology Muhammad Taha , Bennett Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett |
| title | Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett |
| title_full | Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett |
| title_fullStr | Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett |
| title_short | Comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of Calocybe indica (Purkayastha & Chandra) in neuro-2A-blastoma cell / Muhammad Taha Bennett |
| title_sort | comparative study onneuroprotection of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of calocybe indica (purkayastha & chandra) in neuro-2a-blastoma cell / muhammad taha bennett |
| topic | Q Science (General) QH301 Biology |
| url | http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/ http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/2/Muhammad_Taha.pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14477/1/Muhammad_Taha_Bennett.pdf |