Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh

In recent years, copper has increasingly been used to replace gold to create wire interconnections in microelectronics. While the industry is continuously working on this transition from gold to copper wire to reduce costs, the challenge remain in producing robust and reliable joints for semiconduct...

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Main Author: Gurbinder , Singh
Format: Thesis
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/2/Gurbinder_Singh.pdf
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/1/Gurbinder_Singh.pdf
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author Gurbinder , Singh
author_facet Gurbinder , Singh
author_sort Gurbinder , Singh
building UM Research Repository
collection Online Access
description In recent years, copper has increasingly been used to replace gold to create wire interconnections in microelectronics. While the industry is continuously working on this transition from gold to copper wire to reduce costs, the challenge remain in producing robust and reliable joints for semiconductor devices. The use of copper wire is known to pose threats to devices with thin structures. The impact of hard copper free air ball onto bonding surfaces is undesirable as it can damage the bond pad and the die structure. Since copper requires higher bonding force and excessive ultrasonic energy to create a bond, this research investigates the effect of pedestal and free air ball heating on copper wire bonds. Wire bonding was performed on bond pads consisting of NiPdAu metallization under sixteen different pedestal temperatures. This research also investigates the effects free air ball laser heating on bonding strength and microstructural quality. Results have shown, ball shear strength for copper wire varies linearly with the increase of pedestal temperature. The ball shear strength is the lowest at temperature 40°C and is gradually increased to an average of 25g at temperature 200°C. At pedestal temperature 340°C, average ball shear strengths of 35g was achieved. EBSD analysis indicated the cell-structured zone in the laser-assisted sample is wider near the bonding, whereas, in the laser free FAB sample, two intense deformation zones formed. The results of this research will be of advantage to semiconductor plastic packaging. Copper wire bonding quality can be further improved without the need to use excessive bonding temperature, higher bonding force and excessive ultrasonic energy.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T14:06:08Z
format Thesis
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institution University Malaya
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T14:06:08Z
publishDate 2021
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spelling um-142632023-04-09T20:09:58Z Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh Gurbinder , Singh TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery In recent years, copper has increasingly been used to replace gold to create wire interconnections in microelectronics. While the industry is continuously working on this transition from gold to copper wire to reduce costs, the challenge remain in producing robust and reliable joints for semiconductor devices. The use of copper wire is known to pose threats to devices with thin structures. The impact of hard copper free air ball onto bonding surfaces is undesirable as it can damage the bond pad and the die structure. Since copper requires higher bonding force and excessive ultrasonic energy to create a bond, this research investigates the effect of pedestal and free air ball heating on copper wire bonds. Wire bonding was performed on bond pads consisting of NiPdAu metallization under sixteen different pedestal temperatures. This research also investigates the effects free air ball laser heating on bonding strength and microstructural quality. Results have shown, ball shear strength for copper wire varies linearly with the increase of pedestal temperature. The ball shear strength is the lowest at temperature 40°C and is gradually increased to an average of 25g at temperature 200°C. At pedestal temperature 340°C, average ball shear strengths of 35g was achieved. EBSD analysis indicated the cell-structured zone in the laser-assisted sample is wider near the bonding, whereas, in the laser free FAB sample, two intense deformation zones formed. The results of this research will be of advantage to semiconductor plastic packaging. Copper wire bonding quality can be further improved without the need to use excessive bonding temperature, higher bonding force and excessive ultrasonic energy. 2021-04 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/2/Gurbinder_Singh.pdf application/pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/1/Gurbinder_Singh.pdf Gurbinder , Singh (2021) Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh. PhD thesis, Universiti Malaya. http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/
spellingShingle TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Gurbinder , Singh
Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh
title Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh
title_full Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh
title_fullStr Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh
title_full_unstemmed Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh
title_short Effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / Gurbinder Singh
title_sort effect of heating on bonding characteristics for copper wire bond technology / gurbinder singh
topic TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
url http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/2/Gurbinder_Singh.pdf
http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/14263/1/Gurbinder_Singh.pdf