Development of an algorithm for correlation of aircraft positioning data from radar and ADS-B sensors / Koh Che Hun
The Multi-radar Tracking System (MRTS) is implemented in aircraft surveillance with high confidence in terms of reliability and safety in Air Traffic Control (ATC) centers worldwide. The MRTS integrates two types of radar: Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR) and Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) to...
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| Format: | Thesis |
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2019
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| Online Access: | http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/12008/ http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/12008/2/Koh_Che_Hun.pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/12008/1/Koh_Che_Hun.pdf |
| Summary: | The Multi-radar Tracking System (MRTS) is implemented in aircraft surveillance with
high confidence in terms of reliability and safety in Air Traffic Control (ATC) centers
worldwide. The MRTS integrates two types of radar: Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR)
and Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) to produce a Single Integrated Air Picture
(SIAP). Its main function is to track aircraft in an airspace by using data from tracks
collected from several radars. Advancement in aircraft surveillance sensor technology
saw the emergence of new sensors, such as the Automatic Dependent Surveillance
Broadcast (ADS-B) and Multilateration systems. Therefore, the radar is no longer the sole
technology for air traffic surveillance. The ADS-B enables aircraft, ground vehicles and
controllers to exchange positioning information via a dedicated communication link. This
realizes unprecedented air-to-air and air-to-ground surveillance capabilities. It also
provides surveillance coverage in remote and low altitude areas that are not covered by
the radar. A Multi-sensor Tracking System (MSTS) makes use of different type of sensors
to produce a SIAP rather than only radar. Hence, the integration of ADS-B into MSTS is
gaining interest among researchers in its necessity to enhance the performance of ATC in
terms of continuity, integrity, accuracy, and at the same time serves as a backup
surveillance sensor. To fuse data from different sensors, the correlation algorithm is vital.
Correlation is a process that associates the positioning data from different sensors to keep
the SIAP up-to-date. The process needs to take account the differences in performance
and characteristic of different sensors. Correlation algorithm aims to resolve ambiguities
and conflicting information to provide an operationally useful synthesis of the
surveillance data. However, at certain circumstances, ambiguities such as missed tracks,
extra tracks or position and velocity errors may occur. Nonetheless, research on the use of MSTS for ATC is still in infancy. Several studies were carried out to apply and improve
on existing correlation algorithms involving radars and the new surveillance sensors.
Most of these studies are conducted by the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM)
and hence the findings are not widely available in the public domain. However, findings
indicate that there are still lack of effective correlation algorithms to resolve the
ambiguities and differences in the multi-sensor data correlation environment. This
research aims to develop an effective and high-performance multi-sensor correlation
algorithm. To achieve the aim, the work reviews multi-sensor tracker architectures to
identify the problems that arise when performing data correlation for multi-sensors;
conducts study on existing correlation algorithms available in the public domain for
MRTS and MSTS; analyzes the advantages and drawbacks of each algorithms; and
derives the vital characteristics of a high-performance correlation algorithm. Based on the
findings, a multi-sensor data correlation algorithm is developed. The algorithm is
validated using real time radar and ADS-B data from Department of Civil Aviation
Malaysia (CAAM).
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