T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Some strains can lead to neurological disease and fatality in children. Up to date, there is no FDA-approved vaccine to prevent severe HFMD and mortality. Although the inactivated vaccine has advanced...
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Ivy Spring International Publisher
2018
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/1/Isabel%20Yee%20T%20Cell%20Immunity%20to%20Enterovirus.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848801921595342848 |
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| author | Yee, Isabel Pin Tsin * Poh, Chit Laa * |
| author_facet | Yee, Isabel Pin Tsin * Poh, Chit Laa * |
| author_sort | Yee, Isabel Pin Tsin * |
| building | SU Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Some strains can lead to neurological disease and fatality in children. Up to date, there is no FDA-approved vaccine to prevent severe HFMD and mortality. Although the inactivated vaccine has advanced to production in China, lack of long-term protection and the requirement of multiple boosters
have necessitated the development of other types of vaccines. Recent studies indicate that cellular and
not humoral immunity determines the clinical outcome of EV-A71 infections. High levels of cytokines
such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ tend to correlate with clinical severity in patients with pulmonary
edema and encephalitis. The live attenuated vaccine may serve as the preferred choice as it can induce
excellent humoral and cellular immunity as well as live-long immunity. Expression of certain HLA alleles
such as TNF-α promoter type II (-308 allele), HLA-A33 and HLA-DR17 responses have been linked to
severe HFMD. However, the high variability of MHC genes could restrict T cell recognition and be a
major obstacle in the design of peptide vaccines. Hence, the development of a T cell universal vaccine
(incorporating both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes) that induces broad, multifunctional and cross-reactive CD8+ T cell responses maybe desirable. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T21:15:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | sunway-891 |
| institution | Sunway University |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T21:15:08Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Ivy Spring International Publisher |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | sunway-8912020-10-12T07:54:19Z http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/ T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development Yee, Isabel Pin Tsin * Poh, Chit Laa * QR355 Virology Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Some strains can lead to neurological disease and fatality in children. Up to date, there is no FDA-approved vaccine to prevent severe HFMD and mortality. Although the inactivated vaccine has advanced to production in China, lack of long-term protection and the requirement of multiple boosters have necessitated the development of other types of vaccines. Recent studies indicate that cellular and not humoral immunity determines the clinical outcome of EV-A71 infections. High levels of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ tend to correlate with clinical severity in patients with pulmonary edema and encephalitis. The live attenuated vaccine may serve as the preferred choice as it can induce excellent humoral and cellular immunity as well as live-long immunity. Expression of certain HLA alleles such as TNF-α promoter type II (-308 allele), HLA-A33 and HLA-DR17 responses have been linked to severe HFMD. However, the high variability of MHC genes could restrict T cell recognition and be a major obstacle in the design of peptide vaccines. Hence, the development of a T cell universal vaccine (incorporating both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes) that induces broad, multifunctional and cross-reactive CD8+ T cell responses maybe desirable. Ivy Spring International Publisher 2018-07-25 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/1/Isabel%20Yee%20T%20Cell%20Immunity%20to%20Enterovirus.pdf Yee, Isabel Pin Tsin * and Poh, Chit Laa * (2018) T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 15 (11). pp. 1143-1152. ISSN 1449-1907 http://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.26450 doi:10.7150/ijms.26450 |
| spellingShingle | QR355 Virology Yee, Isabel Pin Tsin * Poh, Chit Laa * T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| title | T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| title_full | T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| title_fullStr | T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| title_full_unstemmed | T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| title_short | T Cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| title_sort | t cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development |
| topic | QR355 Virology |
| url | http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/891/1/Isabel%20Yee%20T%20Cell%20Immunity%20to%20Enterovirus.pdf |