A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead
Weight is perceived through the combination of multiple sensory systems, and a wide range of factors – including touch, visual, and force senses – can influence the perception of heaviness. There have been remarkable advancements in the development of haptic interfaces throughout the years. However,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
2021
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/1/a_systematic_review_of_weight_perception_in_virtual_reality_techniques_challenges_and_road_ahead.pdf |
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| author | Lim, Woan Ning * Yap, Kian Meng * Lee, Yunli * Wee, Chyanna* Yen, Ching Chiuan |
| author_facet | Lim, Woan Ning * Yap, Kian Meng * Lee, Yunli * Wee, Chyanna* Yen, Ching Chiuan |
| author_sort | Lim, Woan Ning * |
| building | SU Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Weight is perceived through the combination of multiple sensory systems, and a wide range of factors – including touch, visual, and force senses – can influence the perception of heaviness. There have been remarkable advancements in the development of haptic interfaces throughout the years. However, a number of challenges limit the progression to enable humans to sense the weight in virtual reality (VR). This article presents an overview of the factors that influence how weight is perceived and the phenomenon that contributes to various types of weight illusions. A systematic review has been undertaken to assess the development of weight perception in VR, underlying haptic technology that renders the mass of a virtual object, and the creation of weight perception through pseudo-haptic. We summarize the approaches from the perspective of haptic and pseudo-haptic cues that exhibit the sense of weight such as force, skin deformation, vibration, inertia, control–display ratio, velocity, body gestures, and audio–visual representation. The design challenges are underlined, and research gaps are discussed, including accuracy and precision, weight discrimination, heavyweight rendering, and absolute weight simulation. This article is anticipated to aid in the development of more realistic weight perception in VR and stimulated new research interest in this topic. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T21:19:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | sunway-2153 |
| institution | Sunway University |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T21:19:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | sunway-21532023-03-20T02:15:13Z http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/ A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead Lim, Woan Ning * Yap, Kian Meng * Lee, Yunli * Wee, Chyanna* Yen, Ching Chiuan QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Weight is perceived through the combination of multiple sensory systems, and a wide range of factors – including touch, visual, and force senses – can influence the perception of heaviness. There have been remarkable advancements in the development of haptic interfaces throughout the years. However, a number of challenges limit the progression to enable humans to sense the weight in virtual reality (VR). This article presents an overview of the factors that influence how weight is perceived and the phenomenon that contributes to various types of weight illusions. A systematic review has been undertaken to assess the development of weight perception in VR, underlying haptic technology that renders the mass of a virtual object, and the creation of weight perception through pseudo-haptic. We summarize the approaches from the perspective of haptic and pseudo-haptic cues that exhibit the sense of weight such as force, skin deformation, vibration, inertia, control–display ratio, velocity, body gestures, and audio–visual representation. The design challenges are underlined, and research gaps are discussed, including accuracy and precision, weight discrimination, heavyweight rendering, and absolute weight simulation. This article is anticipated to aid in the development of more realistic weight perception in VR and stimulated new research interest in this topic. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2021-11-30 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/1/a_systematic_review_of_weight_perception_in_virtual_reality_techniques_challenges_and_road_ahead.pdf Lim, Woan Ning * and Yap, Kian Meng * and Lee, Yunli * and Wee, Chyanna* and Yen, Ching Chiuan (2021) A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead. IEEE Access, 9. pp. 163253-163283. ISSN 2169-3536 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9628093 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3131525 |
| spellingShingle | QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Lim, Woan Ning * Yap, Kian Meng * Lee, Yunli * Wee, Chyanna* Yen, Ching Chiuan A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead |
| title | A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead |
| title_full | A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead |
| title_fullStr | A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead |
| title_short | A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead |
| title_sort | systematic review of weight perception in virtual reality: techniques, challenges, and road ahead |
| topic | QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| url | http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/2153/1/a_systematic_review_of_weight_perception_in_virtual_reality_techniques_challenges_and_road_ahead.pdf |