Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language
Berawan is a small ethnic community, numbering fewer than 4,000 members, in the Malaysian state of Sarawak on Borneo Island. There are four language varieties; namely, Long Jegan (LJG), Batu Belah (BB), Long Teru (LTU) and Long Terawan (LTN). This paper describes the development of the preliminary u...
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| Format: | Article |
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John Benjamins Publishing
2020
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1269/ |
| _version_ | 1848802014153146368 |
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| author | Burkhardt, Jey Lingam * Burkhardt, Jurgen Martin |
| author_facet | Burkhardt, Jey Lingam * Burkhardt, Jurgen Martin |
| author_sort | Burkhardt, Jey Lingam * |
| building | SU Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Berawan is a small ethnic community, numbering fewer than 4,000 members, in the Malaysian state of Sarawak on Borneo Island. There are four language varieties; namely, Long Jegan (LJG), Batu Belah (BB), Long Teru (LTU) and Long Terawan (LTN). This paper describes the development of the preliminary unified Berawan orthography by the authors, in collaboration with representatives from three Berawan communities (BB, LTU and LJG). Smalley’s ( 1959 , 1965 ) criteria for orthography development are discussed in relation to the authors’ stage framework for orthographic development, which has been adapted from Rempel (1995) within the context of developing the Berawan orthography and the orthographic decisions made by the Berawan. Two additional factors for orthography implementation are proposed. The first stresses the importance of adequate testing, which is essential for both obtaining objective measurements to inform decision making and establishing a well-designed and effective orthography. The second new factor emphasizes the importance of having sufficient time available to learn the developed orthography. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T21:16:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | sunway-1269 |
| institution | Sunway University |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T21:16:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | John Benjamins Publishing |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | sunway-12692020-04-02T05:26:03Z http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1269/ Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language Burkhardt, Jey Lingam * Burkhardt, Jurgen Martin P Philology. Linguistics Berawan is a small ethnic community, numbering fewer than 4,000 members, in the Malaysian state of Sarawak on Borneo Island. There are four language varieties; namely, Long Jegan (LJG), Batu Belah (BB), Long Teru (LTU) and Long Terawan (LTN). This paper describes the development of the preliminary unified Berawan orthography by the authors, in collaboration with representatives from three Berawan communities (BB, LTU and LJG). Smalley’s ( 1959 , 1965 ) criteria for orthography development are discussed in relation to the authors’ stage framework for orthographic development, which has been adapted from Rempel (1995) within the context of developing the Berawan orthography and the orthographic decisions made by the Berawan. Two additional factors for orthography implementation are proposed. The first stresses the importance of adequate testing, which is essential for both obtaining objective measurements to inform decision making and establishing a well-designed and effective orthography. The second new factor emphasizes the importance of having sufficient time available to learn the developed orthography. John Benjamins Publishing 2020 Article PeerReviewed Burkhardt, Jey Lingam * and Burkhardt, Jurgen Martin (2020) Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language. Written Language & Literacy, 22 (2). pp. 280-306. ISSN 1387-6732 http://doi.org/10.1075/wll.00029.bur doi:10.1075/wll.00029.bur |
| spellingShingle | P Philology. Linguistics Burkhardt, Jey Lingam * Burkhardt, Jurgen Martin Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language |
| title | Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language |
| title_full | Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language |
| title_fullStr | Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language |
| title_short | Developing a unified orthography for Berawan: An endangered Bornean language |
| title_sort | developing a unified orthography for berawan: an endangered bornean language |
| topic | P Philology. Linguistics |
| url | http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1269/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1269/ http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1269/ |