GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia
Cameron Highlands is a mountainous area subjected to torrential tropical showers. It extracts 5.8 million liters of water per day for drinking supply from its rivers at several intake points. The water quality of rivers in Cameron Highlands, however, has deteriorated significantly due to land cleari...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
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2009
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| Online Access: | http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/1618/ http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/1618/1/GIS-based_Non-point_Sources_Pollution_Simulation_in_Cameron_Highlands%2C_Malaysia.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848659144487206912 |
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| author | Eisakhani, M. Pauzi, A. Karim, O. Malakahmad, A. Kutty, S.R.M. Isa, M.H. |
| author_facet | Eisakhani, M. Pauzi, A. Karim, O. Malakahmad, A. Kutty, S.R.M. Isa, M.H. |
| author_sort | Eisakhani, M. |
| building | UTP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Cameron Highlands is a mountainous area subjected to torrential tropical showers. It extracts 5.8 million liters of water per day for drinking supply from its rivers at several intake points. The water quality of rivers in Cameron Highlands, however, has deteriorated significantly due to land clearing for agriculture, excessive usage of pesticides and fertilizers as well as construction
activities in rapidly developing urban areas. On the other hand, these pollution sources known as non-point pollution sources are diverse and hard to identify and therefore they are difficult to estimate. Hence, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) was used to provide an extensive approach to evaluate landuse and other mapping characteristics to explain the spatial distribution of non-point sources of contamination in Cameron Highlands. The method to assess
pollution sources has been developed by using Cameron Highlands Master Plan (2006-2010) for integrating GIS, databases, as well as pollution loads in the area of study. The results show highest annual runoff is created by forest, 3.56 × 108 m3/yr followed by urban development, 1.46 × 108 m3/yr. Furthermore, urban development causes highest BOD load (1.31 × 106 kgBOD/yr) while agricultural
activities and forest contribute the highest annual loads for phosphorus (6.91 × 104 kgP/yr) and nitrogen (2.50 × 105 kgN/yr), respectively. Therefore, best management practices (BMPs) are suggested to be applied to reduce pollution level in the area. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-13T07:25:45Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | oai:scholars.utp.edu.my:1618 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Petronas |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-13T07:25:45Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | oai:scholars.utp.edu.my:16182017-01-19T08:25:22Z http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/1618/ GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia Eisakhani, M. Pauzi, A. Karim, O. Malakahmad, A. Kutty, S.R.M. Isa, M.H. TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering Cameron Highlands is a mountainous area subjected to torrential tropical showers. It extracts 5.8 million liters of water per day for drinking supply from its rivers at several intake points. The water quality of rivers in Cameron Highlands, however, has deteriorated significantly due to land clearing for agriculture, excessive usage of pesticides and fertilizers as well as construction activities in rapidly developing urban areas. On the other hand, these pollution sources known as non-point pollution sources are diverse and hard to identify and therefore they are difficult to estimate. Hence, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) was used to provide an extensive approach to evaluate landuse and other mapping characteristics to explain the spatial distribution of non-point sources of contamination in Cameron Highlands. The method to assess pollution sources has been developed by using Cameron Highlands Master Plan (2006-2010) for integrating GIS, databases, as well as pollution loads in the area of study. The results show highest annual runoff is created by forest, 3.56 × 108 m3/yr followed by urban development, 1.46 × 108 m3/yr. Furthermore, urban development causes highest BOD load (1.31 × 106 kgBOD/yr) while agricultural activities and forest contribute the highest annual loads for phosphorus (6.91 × 104 kgP/yr) and nitrogen (2.50 × 105 kgN/yr), respectively. Therefore, best management practices (BMPs) are suggested to be applied to reduce pollution level in the area. 2009-06 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/1618/1/GIS-based_Non-point_Sources_Pollution_Simulation_in_Cameron_Highlands%2C_Malaysia.pdf Eisakhani, M. and Pauzi, A. and Karim, O. and Malakahmad, A. and Kutty, S.R.M. and Isa, M.H. (2009) GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. In: International Conference on Energy, Environment, Sustainable Development (EESD 2009), World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (WASET), Paris, France, June, 2009, Paris, France. |
| spellingShingle | TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering Eisakhani, M. Pauzi, A. Karim, O. Malakahmad, A. Kutty, S.R.M. Isa, M.H. GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia |
| title | GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia |
| title_full | GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia |
| title_short | GIS-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia |
| title_sort | gis-based non-point sources of pollution simulation in cameron highlands, malaysia |
| topic | TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
| url | http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/1618/ http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/1618/1/GIS-based_Non-point_Sources_Pollution_Simulation_in_Cameron_Highlands%2C_Malaysia.pdf |