Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption

Porphyrins are among the most extensively studied compounds in chemistry due to their remarkable stability, optical, and photophysical properties. In recent years, advancements in their diverse applications have driven the exploration of porphyrins with different functional groups, allowing for more...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan, Zaitun Ghazali, Nurul Izzaty Hassan, Mohd Bakri Bakar, Siti Aishah Hasbullah, Muntaz Abu Bakar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2025
Online Access:http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/1/SME%209.pdf
_version_ 1848816457103704064
author Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan,
Zaitun Ghazali,
Nurul Izzaty Hassan,
Mohd Bakri Bakar,
Siti Aishah Hasbullah,
Muntaz Abu Bakar,
author_facet Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan,
Zaitun Ghazali,
Nurul Izzaty Hassan,
Mohd Bakri Bakar,
Siti Aishah Hasbullah,
Muntaz Abu Bakar,
author_sort Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan,
building UKM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Porphyrins are among the most extensively studied compounds in chemistry due to their remarkable stability, optical, and photophysical properties. In recent years, advancements in their diverse applications have driven the exploration of porphyrins with different functional groups, allowing for more specific applications. Nowadays, a greater focus is being placed on the development of materials for capturing and converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added products. Despite their promising features, the application of porphyrins in carbon dioxide adsorption has been hindered by their initially low adsorption capacity compared to other traditional porous materials, such as microporous carbons and zeolites. Modifications to porphyrins, such as the introduction of diverse functional groups and the incorporation of metal centers are promising, as they may enhance the CO2 adsorption performance of porphyrin-based materials. Therefore, this study focuses on the synthesis of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin and its metalloporphyrin derivatives, along with a preliminary evaluation of synthesized porphyrin’s carbon dioxide adsorption ability. The synthesized porphyrins were characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The yield for porphyrin varied from 23% to 35%, while metalloporphyrin achieved a yield of 99%. A preliminary study of carbon dioxide adsorption ability of porphyrin and metalloporphyrin showed that the insertion of metal into the center of porphyrin macrocyclic ring enhances the binding affinity and improves adsorption capacity. The Freundlich isotherm showed the presence of heterogeneous adsorption sites and possible multilayer adsorption of CO2 onto the porphyrin’s surface. Additionally, due to the ability of metalloporphyrin to adsorb CO2, metalloporphyrin has the potential to serve as a building block for the integration of porphyrin into hybrid materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic framework (COFs), by enhancing their structural stability and CO2 performance.
first_indexed 2025-11-15T01:06:10Z
format Article
id oai:generic.eprints.org:25813
institution Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-15T01:06:10Z
publishDate 2025
publisher Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling oai:generic.eprints.org:258132025-09-11T02:53:40Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/ Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan, Zaitun Ghazali, Nurul Izzaty Hassan, Mohd Bakri Bakar, Siti Aishah Hasbullah, Muntaz Abu Bakar, Porphyrins are among the most extensively studied compounds in chemistry due to their remarkable stability, optical, and photophysical properties. In recent years, advancements in their diverse applications have driven the exploration of porphyrins with different functional groups, allowing for more specific applications. Nowadays, a greater focus is being placed on the development of materials for capturing and converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added products. Despite their promising features, the application of porphyrins in carbon dioxide adsorption has been hindered by their initially low adsorption capacity compared to other traditional porous materials, such as microporous carbons and zeolites. Modifications to porphyrins, such as the introduction of diverse functional groups and the incorporation of metal centers are promising, as they may enhance the CO2 adsorption performance of porphyrin-based materials. Therefore, this study focuses on the synthesis of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin and its metalloporphyrin derivatives, along with a preliminary evaluation of synthesized porphyrin’s carbon dioxide adsorption ability. The synthesized porphyrins were characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The yield for porphyrin varied from 23% to 35%, while metalloporphyrin achieved a yield of 99%. A preliminary study of carbon dioxide adsorption ability of porphyrin and metalloporphyrin showed that the insertion of metal into the center of porphyrin macrocyclic ring enhances the binding affinity and improves adsorption capacity. The Freundlich isotherm showed the presence of heterogeneous adsorption sites and possible multilayer adsorption of CO2 onto the porphyrin’s surface. Additionally, due to the ability of metalloporphyrin to adsorb CO2, metalloporphyrin has the potential to serve as a building block for the integration of porphyrin into hybrid materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic framework (COFs), by enhancing their structural stability and CO2 performance. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2025 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/1/SME%209.pdf Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan, and Zaitun Ghazali, and Nurul Izzaty Hassan, and Mohd Bakri Bakar, and Siti Aishah Hasbullah, and Muntaz Abu Bakar, (2025) Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption. Sains Malaysiana, 54 (6). pp. 1535-1549. ISSN 0126-6039 https://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol54num6_2025/contentsVol54num6_2025.html
spellingShingle Nuur Haziqah Mohd Radzuan,
Zaitun Ghazali,
Nurul Izzaty Hassan,
Mohd Bakri Bakar,
Siti Aishah Hasbullah,
Muntaz Abu Bakar,
Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
title Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
title_full Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
title_fullStr Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
title_short Synthesis and characterization of 5,15 A2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
title_sort synthesis and characterization of 5,15 a2-type porphyrin, metalloporphyrin and preliminary study on carbon dioxide adsorption
url http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25813/1/SME%209.pdf