Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun

This study addresses the lack of comparative research examining the political dimensions of justice as conceived by Han Fei, representing Legalist thought in ancient China, and Ibn Khaldun, a prominent Islamic scholar. The objective is to elucidate how these two realist thinkers, each writing in a p...

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Main Authors: Wu, Jinke, Russli Kamarudin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2025
Online Access:http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/1/238_250%20Chinese%20Legalism%20and%20Islamic%20Views.pdf
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author Wu, Jinke
Russli Kamarudin,
author_facet Wu, Jinke
Russli Kamarudin,
author_sort Wu, Jinke
building UKM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description This study addresses the lack of comparative research examining the political dimensions of justice as conceived by Han Fei, representing Legalist thought in ancient China, and Ibn Khaldun, a prominent Islamic scholar. The objective is to elucidate how these two realist thinkers, each writing in a period of political fragmentation, conceptualize justice within their respective frameworks. Methodologically, the research employs a comparative philosophy approach, centring on textual analysis of Han Feizi and Al-Muqaddimah, alongside secondary sources on Legalist and Islamic political traditions. The findings reveal that both Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun view the nature of humanity with scepticism and emphasize the necessity of strong governance to ensure social order. However, their interpretations of law diverge: Han Fei portrays it as an impersonal instrument designed to enforce compliance under a ruler’s absolute power, whereas Ibn Khaldun integrates law with divine authority, thereby constraining secular power through religious principles. An important implication of this contrast is that both frameworks can, under certain conditions, legitimize authoritarian rule: in Legalist thought, through an unwavering focus on the ruler’s will, and in Islamic contexts, when religious law is manipulated to serve despotic ends. Understanding these convergences and divergences deepens our appreciation of how different cultural and historical settings shape the pursuit—and the potential pitfalls—of achieving justice.
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spelling oai:generic.eprints.org:253402025-06-13T06:54:46Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/ Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun Wu, Jinke Russli Kamarudin, This study addresses the lack of comparative research examining the political dimensions of justice as conceived by Han Fei, representing Legalist thought in ancient China, and Ibn Khaldun, a prominent Islamic scholar. The objective is to elucidate how these two realist thinkers, each writing in a period of political fragmentation, conceptualize justice within their respective frameworks. Methodologically, the research employs a comparative philosophy approach, centring on textual analysis of Han Feizi and Al-Muqaddimah, alongside secondary sources on Legalist and Islamic political traditions. The findings reveal that both Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun view the nature of humanity with scepticism and emphasize the necessity of strong governance to ensure social order. However, their interpretations of law diverge: Han Fei portrays it as an impersonal instrument designed to enforce compliance under a ruler’s absolute power, whereas Ibn Khaldun integrates law with divine authority, thereby constraining secular power through religious principles. An important implication of this contrast is that both frameworks can, under certain conditions, legitimize authoritarian rule: in Legalist thought, through an unwavering focus on the ruler’s will, and in Islamic contexts, when religious law is manipulated to serve despotic ends. Understanding these convergences and divergences deepens our appreciation of how different cultural and historical settings shape the pursuit—and the potential pitfalls—of achieving justice. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2025-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/1/238_250%20Chinese%20Legalism%20and%20Islamic%20Views.pdf Wu, Jinke and Russli Kamarudin, (2025) Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun. e-Bangi Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 22 (1). pp. 238-250. ISSN 1823-884x http://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/index
spellingShingle Wu, Jinke
Russli Kamarudin,
Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun
title Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun
title_full Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun
title_fullStr Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun
title_full_unstemmed Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun
title_short Chinese legalism and Islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of Han Fei and Ibn Khaldun
title_sort chinese legalism and islamic views of justice: a comparison based on the political thought of han fei and ibn khaldun
url http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/25340/1/238_250%20Chinese%20Legalism%20and%20Islamic%20Views.pdf