Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global issue impacting human, animal, and environmental health, as well as economic security. Water bodies, especially, are now recognized for their role in the spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, though standardized monitoring methods are lac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2024
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/1/MAE%207.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848816178845188096 |
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| author | Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, Muhammad Azroie Mohamed Yusoff, Rachel Trevor Gunggang, Roslina Abdul Razak, Muhamad Zulfatihi Jaafar, Nasehir Khan E.M. Yahaya, |
| author_facet | Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, Muhammad Azroie Mohamed Yusoff, Rachel Trevor Gunggang, Roslina Abdul Razak, Muhamad Zulfatihi Jaafar, Nasehir Khan E.M. Yahaya, |
| author_sort | Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, |
| building | UKM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global issue impacting human, animal, and environmental health, as well as economic security. Water bodies, especially, are now recognized for their role in the spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, though standardized monitoring methods are lacking. This study investigates the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in the Sungai Terengganu River in Malaysia, focusing on water quality and ESBL E. coli monitoring. Sampling was conducted twice in 2023 at 13 locations along the river. Overall, the water quality index (WQI) classified the river as Class II (WQI = 81), with upstream regions rated as Class I, indicating minimal anthropogenic impact. Higher Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in downstream areas suggested organic pollution from anthropogenic activities. Four metal elements exceeded the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS): Al (0.88 mg/L), Fe (3.45 mg/L), Cu (0.102 mg/L), and Hg (2.525 mg/L). No Pb, Cr, Se, Sn, or As were detected. Statistical analysis showed better water quality correlates with lower microbial contamination. ESBL E. coli was found in 8 of 13 sampling sites (61.5%), with the highest concentration at 800 CFU/100 mL. From 40 presumptive ESBL isolates tested, 87.5% (35 isolates) were positive for ESBL and carried additional drug resistance genes, including mcr-1, tetW, sul-1, and sul-2. These findings indicate a concerning presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in the river, representing a potential public health risk. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T01:01:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:24755 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T01:01:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:247552025-01-23T04:53:44Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/ Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, Muhammad Azroie Mohamed Yusoff, Rachel Trevor Gunggang, Roslina Abdul Razak, Muhamad Zulfatihi Jaafar, Nasehir Khan E.M. Yahaya, Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global issue impacting human, animal, and environmental health, as well as economic security. Water bodies, especially, are now recognized for their role in the spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, though standardized monitoring methods are lacking. This study investigates the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in the Sungai Terengganu River in Malaysia, focusing on water quality and ESBL E. coli monitoring. Sampling was conducted twice in 2023 at 13 locations along the river. Overall, the water quality index (WQI) classified the river as Class II (WQI = 81), with upstream regions rated as Class I, indicating minimal anthropogenic impact. Higher Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in downstream areas suggested organic pollution from anthropogenic activities. Four metal elements exceeded the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS): Al (0.88 mg/L), Fe (3.45 mg/L), Cu (0.102 mg/L), and Hg (2.525 mg/L). No Pb, Cr, Se, Sn, or As were detected. Statistical analysis showed better water quality correlates with lower microbial contamination. ESBL E. coli was found in 8 of 13 sampling sites (61.5%), with the highest concentration at 800 CFU/100 mL. From 40 presumptive ESBL isolates tested, 87.5% (35 isolates) were positive for ESBL and carried additional drug resistance genes, including mcr-1, tetW, sul-1, and sul-2. These findings indicate a concerning presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in the river, representing a potential public health risk. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2024 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/1/MAE%207.pdf Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, and Muhammad Azroie Mohamed Yusoff, and Rachel Trevor Gunggang, and Roslina Abdul Razak, and Muhamad Zulfatihi Jaafar, and Nasehir Khan E.M. Yahaya, (2024) Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia. Malaysian Applied Biology, 53 (4). pp. 65-75. ISSN 0126-8643 https://jms.mabjournal.com/index.php/mab/issue/view/63 |
| spellingShingle | Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, Muhammad Azroie Mohamed Yusoff, Rachel Trevor Gunggang, Roslina Abdul Razak, Muhamad Zulfatihi Jaafar, Nasehir Khan E.M. Yahaya, Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title | Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_full | Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_short | Water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) in Sungai Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_sort | water quality and prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli (esbl e. coli) in sungai terengganu, malaysia |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/24755/1/MAE%207.pdf |