The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach
Phishing email classification requires features so that the performance obtained produces good accuracy. One of the reasons for the lack of development of models for detecting phishing emails is the complexity of the feature selection. Feature selection is one of the essential parts of getting a...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2022
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/1/4.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848815211241275392 |
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| author | Ahmad Fadhil Naswir, Lailatul Qadri Zakaria, Saidah Saad, |
| author_facet | Ahmad Fadhil Naswir, Lailatul Qadri Zakaria, Saidah Saad, |
| author_sort | Ahmad Fadhil Naswir, |
| building | UKM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Phishing email classification requires features so that the performance obtained produces good accuracy. One of
the reasons for the lack of development of models for detecting phishing emails is the complexity of the feature
selection. Feature selection is one of the essential parts of getting a good classification result, commonly used
features are header, body, and Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Besides the email body text content, the URL
is one of the leading indicators that the phishing attack successfully happened. The URL is commonly located on
the body of the phishing email to get the victim's attention. It will redirect the victim to a fake website to obtain
personal information from the victim. There is a lack of information about how the URL features affect the
phishing email classification results. Therefore, this work focuses on using URL features to determine whether an
email is phishing or legitimate using machine learning approaches. Two public datasets used in this work are the
Online Phishing Corpus and Enron Corpus. The URL features are extracted using the Beautiful Soup library. Two
machine learning classifiers used in this work are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network
(ANN). The experiments were divided into two based on features used in the classifiers. The first experiment used
raw email data with URL features, while the second only used raw email data. The first experiment shows higher
accuracy in both classifiers, SVM and ANN. Hence, this research proves that the impact of selecting URL features
will increase the performance of the classification. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T00:46:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:20846 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T00:46:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:208462022-12-21T08:26:22Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/ The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach Ahmad Fadhil Naswir, Lailatul Qadri Zakaria, Saidah Saad, Phishing email classification requires features so that the performance obtained produces good accuracy. One of the reasons for the lack of development of models for detecting phishing emails is the complexity of the feature selection. Feature selection is one of the essential parts of getting a good classification result, commonly used features are header, body, and Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Besides the email body text content, the URL is one of the leading indicators that the phishing attack successfully happened. The URL is commonly located on the body of the phishing email to get the victim's attention. It will redirect the victim to a fake website to obtain personal information from the victim. There is a lack of information about how the URL features affect the phishing email classification results. Therefore, this work focuses on using URL features to determine whether an email is phishing or legitimate using machine learning approaches. Two public datasets used in this work are the Online Phishing Corpus and Enron Corpus. The URL features are extracted using the Beautiful Soup library. Two machine learning classifiers used in this work are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The experiments were divided into two based on features used in the classifiers. The first experiment used raw email data with URL features, while the second only used raw email data. The first experiment shows higher accuracy in both classifiers, SVM and ANN. Hence, this research proves that the impact of selecting URL features will increase the performance of the classification. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2022-12 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/1/4.pdf Ahmad Fadhil Naswir, and Lailatul Qadri Zakaria, and Saidah Saad, (2022) The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach. Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 11 (2). pp. 49-58. ISSN 2289-2192 https://www.ukm.my/apjitm/articles-issues |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad Fadhil Naswir, Lailatul Qadri Zakaria, Saidah Saad, The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| title | The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| title_full | The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| title_fullStr | The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| title_short | The effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| title_sort | effectiveness of url features on phishing emails classification using machine learning approach |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/20846/1/4.pdf |