Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination
Thyroid is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the human body. Although the scanning range of brain computed tomography (CT) does not include lower neck region, there is possibility for thyroid to be irradiated due to scattered radiation because of its location near to the external beam collima...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2021
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/1/20.pdf |
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| author | Rekha Ganesan, Muhammad Ikhmal Naim Mohd Hilal, Iza Nurzawani Che Isa, Norhashimah Norsuddin, Khadijah Mohd Nassir, Said Mohd Shaffiq Said Rahmat, Muhammad Khalis Abd Karim, |
| author_facet | Rekha Ganesan, Muhammad Ikhmal Naim Mohd Hilal, Iza Nurzawani Che Isa, Norhashimah Norsuddin, Khadijah Mohd Nassir, Said Mohd Shaffiq Said Rahmat, Muhammad Khalis Abd Karim, |
| author_sort | Rekha Ganesan, |
| building | UKM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Thyroid is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the human body. Although the scanning range of brain computed tomography (CT) does not include lower neck region, there is possibility for thyroid to be irradiated due to scattered radiation because of its location near to the external beam collimation. The objective of this study was to evaluate effective lifetime risk of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in young adults following brain CT examination. A total of 306 patient data within the age range between 18 and 39 years old were retrospectively analysed. Absorbed dose of the thyroid organ was obtained through the input of data using WAZA- ARI v2. Effective lifetime risk was calculated by multiplying equivalent dose of the thyroid organ with the lifetime attributable cancer risk adapted from Biological Effects in Ionising Radiation (BEIR) Report V11. The effective lifetime risks were recorded as 0.45 ± 0.70 per 100 000 and 0.93 ± 1.52 per 100 000 for single and multiple exposures, respectively. In terms of gender, woman data (0.99 ± 0.76; 1.95 ± 2.15) were found higher as compared to man data (0.13 ± 0.39; 0.35 ± 0.45) for both single and multiple exposure. The percentage difference of effective lifetime risks between single and multiple exposures was up to 107%. The effective lifetime risk noted in this study may be low, however, the long-term risk of cancer development should be considered. This study serves as preliminary reference when revising clinical protocol especially in those involving repeated exposures in young adult patients. Future study should include other radiosensitive organs exploring the effective lifetime risk of radiation induced cancer following CT procedure. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T00:35:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:18309 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T00:35:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:183092022-04-06T06:08:51Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/ Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination Rekha Ganesan, Muhammad Ikhmal Naim Mohd Hilal, Iza Nurzawani Che Isa, Norhashimah Norsuddin, Khadijah Mohd Nassir, Said Mohd Shaffiq Said Rahmat, Muhammad Khalis Abd Karim, Thyroid is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the human body. Although the scanning range of brain computed tomography (CT) does not include lower neck region, there is possibility for thyroid to be irradiated due to scattered radiation because of its location near to the external beam collimation. The objective of this study was to evaluate effective lifetime risk of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in young adults following brain CT examination. A total of 306 patient data within the age range between 18 and 39 years old were retrospectively analysed. Absorbed dose of the thyroid organ was obtained through the input of data using WAZA- ARI v2. Effective lifetime risk was calculated by multiplying equivalent dose of the thyroid organ with the lifetime attributable cancer risk adapted from Biological Effects in Ionising Radiation (BEIR) Report V11. The effective lifetime risks were recorded as 0.45 ± 0.70 per 100 000 and 0.93 ± 1.52 per 100 000 for single and multiple exposures, respectively. In terms of gender, woman data (0.99 ± 0.76; 1.95 ± 2.15) were found higher as compared to man data (0.13 ± 0.39; 0.35 ± 0.45) for both single and multiple exposure. The percentage difference of effective lifetime risks between single and multiple exposures was up to 107%. The effective lifetime risk noted in this study may be low, however, the long-term risk of cancer development should be considered. This study serves as preliminary reference when revising clinical protocol especially in those involving repeated exposures in young adult patients. Future study should include other radiosensitive organs exploring the effective lifetime risk of radiation induced cancer following CT procedure. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2021-11 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/1/20.pdf Rekha Ganesan, and Muhammad Ikhmal Naim Mohd Hilal, and Iza Nurzawani Che Isa, and Norhashimah Norsuddin, and Khadijah Mohd Nassir, and Said Mohd Shaffiq Said Rahmat, and Muhammad Khalis Abd Karim, (2021) Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination. Sains Malaysiana, 50 (11). pp. 3365-3372. ISSN 0126-6039 https://www.ukm.my/jsm/malay_journals/jilid50bil11_2021/KandunganJilid50Bil11_2021.html |
| spellingShingle | Rekha Ganesan, Muhammad Ikhmal Naim Mohd Hilal, Iza Nurzawani Che Isa, Norhashimah Norsuddin, Khadijah Mohd Nassir, Said Mohd Shaffiq Said Rahmat, Muhammad Khalis Abd Karim, Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination |
| title | Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination |
| title_full | Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination |
| title_fullStr | Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination |
| title_short | Estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (CT) brain examination |
| title_sort | estimated effective lifetime risks of radiation-induced thyroid cancer in computed tomography (ct) brain examination |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/18309/1/20.pdf |