Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent
The aim of this study was to develope hydrophobic biodegradable cellulosic sorbent materials from empty fruit bunch (EFB) for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent (POME). EFB cellulose was modified using acetic anhydride (AA) and the effect of ratio of EFB cellulose mass to AA volume (1:20, 1:30...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2020
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/1/29.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848813921076510720 |
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| author | Noraisah Jahi, Rizafizah Othaman, Azwan Mat Lazim, Suria Ramli, |
| author_facet | Noraisah Jahi, Rizafizah Othaman, Azwan Mat Lazim, Suria Ramli, |
| author_sort | Noraisah Jahi, |
| building | UKM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The aim of this study was to develope hydrophobic biodegradable cellulosic sorbent materials from empty fruit
bunch (EFB) for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent (POME). EFB cellulose was modified using acetic anhydride (AA)
and the effect of ratio of EFB cellulose mass to AA volume (1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50 g/mL) at 3 h reaction time with 5%
(w/v) pyridine catalyst. The acetylation process was quantitatively determined using the weight percent gain (WPG)
and modified EFB cellulose (1:40) showed the highest WPG (13.0%) compared to the other ratios. Fourier Transform
Infrared (FTIR) spectrum shows that after the modification, the intensity of –OH peak at 3329 cm-1 decreased and
the new peak at 1728 cm-1 of C=O ester emerged. This implied that acetylation process was successful when AA
volume increased except for 1:50 ratio. Sample 1:40 also showed good hydrophobicity characteristic with the degree
of hydrophobicity (DH) of 87.7%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that crystallinity index for 1:40 is the lowest
which indicated that the sample become amorphous due to acetylation. The result is in agreement with scanning
electron microscope (SEM) micrograph that shows the surface morphogy of EFB cellulose after the modification
became rougher. Moreover, the modified EFB cellulose 1:40 was able to absorb oil from POME up to 98.5%. Thus, it is
proven that cellulose from EFB can be modified to a certain ratio to make it an extremely promising natural source
oil sorbent in treating POME. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T00:25:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:generic.eprints.org:15927 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T00:25:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | oai:generic.eprints.org:159272020-12-07T17:16:36Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/ Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent Noraisah Jahi, Rizafizah Othaman, Azwan Mat Lazim, Suria Ramli, The aim of this study was to develope hydrophobic biodegradable cellulosic sorbent materials from empty fruit bunch (EFB) for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent (POME). EFB cellulose was modified using acetic anhydride (AA) and the effect of ratio of EFB cellulose mass to AA volume (1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50 g/mL) at 3 h reaction time with 5% (w/v) pyridine catalyst. The acetylation process was quantitatively determined using the weight percent gain (WPG) and modified EFB cellulose (1:40) showed the highest WPG (13.0%) compared to the other ratios. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum shows that after the modification, the intensity of –OH peak at 3329 cm-1 decreased and the new peak at 1728 cm-1 of C=O ester emerged. This implied that acetylation process was successful when AA volume increased except for 1:50 ratio. Sample 1:40 also showed good hydrophobicity characteristic with the degree of hydrophobicity (DH) of 87.7%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that crystallinity index for 1:40 is the lowest which indicated that the sample become amorphous due to acetylation. The result is in agreement with scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph that shows the surface morphogy of EFB cellulose after the modification became rougher. Moreover, the modified EFB cellulose 1:40 was able to absorb oil from POME up to 98.5%. Thus, it is proven that cellulose from EFB can be modified to a certain ratio to make it an extremely promising natural source oil sorbent in treating POME. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2020-09 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/1/29.pdf Noraisah Jahi, and Rizafizah Othaman, and Azwan Mat Lazim, and Suria Ramli, (2020) Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent. Sains Malaysiana, 49 (9). pp. 2323-2333. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/malay_journals/jilid49bil9_2020/KandunganJilid49Bil9_2020.html |
| spellingShingle | Noraisah Jahi, Rizafizah Othaman, Azwan Mat Lazim, Suria Ramli, Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| title | Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| title_full | Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| title_fullStr | Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| title_short | Empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| title_sort | empty fruit bunch cellulose based sorbent for oil sorption in palm oil mill effluent |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/15927/1/29.pdf |