Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design
Biocatalysts have proven their efficiency and superiority in industry for the last few decades. Enzymes are made by nature to carry out specific functions required by the host organisms, therefore the practical applications of enzymes can be limited to their natural functions and this has encouraged...
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| Format: | Thesis (University of Nottingham only) |
| Language: | English |
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2021
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64702/ |
| _version_ | 1848800155485077504 |
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| author | Almulhim, Nourah |
| author_facet | Almulhim, Nourah |
| author_sort | Almulhim, Nourah |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Biocatalysts have proven their efficiency and superiority in industry for the last few decades. Enzymes are made by nature to carry out specific functions required by the host organisms, therefore the practical applications of enzymes can be limited to their natural functions and this has encouraged efforts in the development of these natural catalysts to work in different conditions and with a significantly broader range of substrates.
Enzymes from extremophile organisms have significantly higher tolerance than mesophilic counterparts to temperature and/or pH, making them attractive for industrial applications. In industrial biotechnology, hydrolases, which are one of the six classes of enzymes, are the most commonly used biocatalysis.
Engineering extremo-adapted glycoside hydrolases to broaden their substrate scope towards β-thioglycosidase activity could significantly increase their potential applications. The breakdown of sulphur glycosidic bonds by β-thioglycosidases can produce isothiocyanate, a chemoprotective agent linked to the prevention of cancers, however only a handful of enzymes have been identified that are known to catalyse this reaction. Structural studies of the myrosinase enzyme, which is the only example among natural catalysts capable of hydrolysing the thioglycosidic bond, has identified residues that may play important roles in sulphate group recognition.
Protein engineering techniques can be used to introduce new amino acid residues into enzymes to improve their properties. By using rational design, two extremo-adapted - glycosidases from the species Thermus nonproteolyticus (TnoGH1) and Halothermothrix orenii (HorGH1) were engineered in this study towards thioglycosidic substrates. Twelve variants, six for TnoGH1and six for HorGH1, were assayed for activity. Remarkable enhancement of the specificity (kcat/KM) of TnoGH1 and HorGH1 towards β-thioglycoside was observed in the single mutants TnoGH1-V287R (2500 M-1 s -1 ) and HorGH1-M229R, (13480 M-1 s -1 ) which showed a 3-fold increase with no loss in turnover rate when compared to the WT enzymes. Thus, the role of arginine is key to induce β-thioglycosidase activity. Thorough kinetic investigation of the different mutants has shed light on the mechanism of -glycosidases when acting on the native substrate. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:47:04Z |
| format | Thesis (University of Nottingham only) |
| id | nottingham-64702 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:47:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-647022023-07-31T04:31:14Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64702/ Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design Almulhim, Nourah Biocatalysts have proven their efficiency and superiority in industry for the last few decades. Enzymes are made by nature to carry out specific functions required by the host organisms, therefore the practical applications of enzymes can be limited to their natural functions and this has encouraged efforts in the development of these natural catalysts to work in different conditions and with a significantly broader range of substrates. Enzymes from extremophile organisms have significantly higher tolerance than mesophilic counterparts to temperature and/or pH, making them attractive for industrial applications. In industrial biotechnology, hydrolases, which are one of the six classes of enzymes, are the most commonly used biocatalysis. Engineering extremo-adapted glycoside hydrolases to broaden their substrate scope towards β-thioglycosidase activity could significantly increase their potential applications. The breakdown of sulphur glycosidic bonds by β-thioglycosidases can produce isothiocyanate, a chemoprotective agent linked to the prevention of cancers, however only a handful of enzymes have been identified that are known to catalyse this reaction. Structural studies of the myrosinase enzyme, which is the only example among natural catalysts capable of hydrolysing the thioglycosidic bond, has identified residues that may play important roles in sulphate group recognition. Protein engineering techniques can be used to introduce new amino acid residues into enzymes to improve their properties. By using rational design, two extremo-adapted - glycosidases from the species Thermus nonproteolyticus (TnoGH1) and Halothermothrix orenii (HorGH1) were engineered in this study towards thioglycosidic substrates. Twelve variants, six for TnoGH1and six for HorGH1, were assayed for activity. Remarkable enhancement of the specificity (kcat/KM) of TnoGH1 and HorGH1 towards β-thioglycoside was observed in the single mutants TnoGH1-V287R (2500 M-1 s -1 ) and HorGH1-M229R, (13480 M-1 s -1 ) which showed a 3-fold increase with no loss in turnover rate when compared to the WT enzymes. Thus, the role of arginine is key to induce β-thioglycosidase activity. Thorough kinetic investigation of the different mutants has shed light on the mechanism of -glycosidases when acting on the native substrate. 2021-07-31 Thesis (University of Nottingham only) NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en cc_by https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64702/1/Almulhim%2C%20Nourah%20Mohammed%20N%2014284722%20Thesis%20Updated%20version.pdf Almulhim, Nourah (2021) Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Novel S-glycosidase Extremo-adapted β-glucosidase Rational design |
| spellingShingle | Novel S-glycosidase Extremo-adapted β-glucosidase Rational design Almulhim, Nourah Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| title | Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| title_full | Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| title_fullStr | Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| title_short | Engineering novel S-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| title_sort | engineering novel s-glycosidase activity into extremo-adapted β-glucosidase by rational design |
| topic | Novel S-glycosidase Extremo-adapted β-glucosidase Rational design |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/64702/ |