Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence
Using new estimates of ad valorem equivalent of nontariff measures (NTMs) over time, this paper examines NTMs and tariffs’ relationship for a sample of 70 economies for 4,949 products at the 6‐digit harmonized system level over the period 2003–2015. A panel data methodology models the lagged adjustm...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-Liss Inc.
2020
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/61866/ |
| _version_ | 1848799914571595776 |
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| author | Niu, Zhaohui Milner, Chris Gunessee, Saileshsingh Liu, Chang |
| author_facet | Niu, Zhaohui Milner, Chris Gunessee, Saileshsingh Liu, Chang |
| author_sort | Niu, Zhaohui |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Using new estimates of ad valorem equivalent of nontariff measures (NTMs) over time, this paper examines NTMs and tariffs’ relationship for a sample of 70 economies for 4,949 products at the 6‐digit harmonized system level over the period 2003–2015. A panel data methodology models the lagged adjustment of NTMs to tariffs, consistent with a causal relationship. Trade policy substitution is found when the models are estimated in both levels and changes; with this holding for both OECD and non‐OECD countries, but not for the agriculture sector in OECD countries. Overall, there is a fairly complete substitution between policy instruments in absolute terms. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:43:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-61866 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:43:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Wiley-Liss Inc. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-618662020-09-11T07:21:01Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/61866/ Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence Niu, Zhaohui Milner, Chris Gunessee, Saileshsingh Liu, Chang Using new estimates of ad valorem equivalent of nontariff measures (NTMs) over time, this paper examines NTMs and tariffs’ relationship for a sample of 70 economies for 4,949 products at the 6‐digit harmonized system level over the period 2003–2015. A panel data methodology models the lagged adjustment of NTMs to tariffs, consistent with a causal relationship. Trade policy substitution is found when the models are estimated in both levels and changes; with this holding for both OECD and non‐OECD countries, but not for the agriculture sector in OECD countries. Overall, there is a fairly complete substitution between policy instruments in absolute terms. Wiley-Liss Inc. 2020-04-08 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en cc_by https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/61866/1/090915371957MergePDF.pdf Niu, Zhaohui, Milner, Chris, Gunessee, Saileshsingh and Liu, Chang (2020) Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence. Review of International Economics, 28 (2). pp. 408-428. ISSN 0965-7576 Non-tariff measures； tariffs； substitutes； complements； trade policy http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/roie.12457 doi:10.1111/roie.12457 doi:10.1111/roie.12457 |
| spellingShingle | Non-tariff measures； tariffs； substitutes； complements； trade policy Niu, Zhaohui Milner, Chris Gunessee, Saileshsingh Liu, Chang Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence |
| title | Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence |
| title_full | Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence |
| title_fullStr | Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence |
| title_short | Are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? Some panel data evidence |
| title_sort | are nontariff measures and tariffs substitutes? some panel data evidence |
| topic | Non-tariff measures； tariffs； substitutes； complements； trade policy |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/61866/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/61866/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/61866/ |