Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys

Laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) technology has matured sufficiently to allow direct manufacture for a range of applications. However, there are still variabilities in processing and difficulties in qualifying parts due to defects inherent to the process. These hinder the wider adoption of the techn...

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Main Author: Gasper, Alexander
Format: Thesis (University of Nottingham only)
Language:English
Published: 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/59237/
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author Gasper, Alexander
author_facet Gasper, Alexander
author_sort Gasper, Alexander
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) technology has matured sufficiently to allow direct manufacture for a range of applications. However, there are still variabilities in processing and difficulties in qualifying parts due to defects inherent to the process. These hinder the wider adoption of the technology and its application in more demanding components, for industries such as aerospace and powder generation, where failure cannot be tolerated. The generation of spatter during processing is an aspect of the process which is considered detrimental, is inherent to the melting process, but has received minimal attention to date. The work in this thesis aims to increase understanding of the spatter particles generated, their influence on the powder in the system, and their effect on parts. This work provides an understanding of oxide and spatter formation in PBF-LB and its role throughout the process. As a result of this research, it has been established that the generation of spatter is a gas atomisation process in PBF-LB which creates a secondary powder source different from the virgin material. Therefore, current PBF-LB processing is always some combination of spatter and feedstock powder. These particles can produce critical defects, decreasing the mechanical performance of parts, and contributing to variation in the process. Therefore, it is crucial that their effect is understood.
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spelling nottingham-592372025-02-28T14:40:18Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/59237/ Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys Gasper, Alexander Laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) technology has matured sufficiently to allow direct manufacture for a range of applications. However, there are still variabilities in processing and difficulties in qualifying parts due to defects inherent to the process. These hinder the wider adoption of the technology and its application in more demanding components, for industries such as aerospace and powder generation, where failure cannot be tolerated. The generation of spatter during processing is an aspect of the process which is considered detrimental, is inherent to the melting process, but has received minimal attention to date. The work in this thesis aims to increase understanding of the spatter particles generated, their influence on the powder in the system, and their effect on parts. This work provides an understanding of oxide and spatter formation in PBF-LB and its role throughout the process. As a result of this research, it has been established that the generation of spatter is a gas atomisation process in PBF-LB which creates a secondary powder source different from the virgin material. Therefore, current PBF-LB processing is always some combination of spatter and feedstock powder. These particles can produce critical defects, decreasing the mechanical performance of parts, and contributing to variation in the process. Therefore, it is crucial that their effect is understood. 2019-12-13 Thesis (University of Nottingham only) NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en arr https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/59237/1/Thesis%204.1%20Corrected%20Final.pdf Gasper, Alexander (2019) Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Additive manufacturing; laser powder bed fusion; SLM; nickel superalloys; Inconel 718; recyclability
spellingShingle Additive manufacturing; laser powder bed fusion; SLM; nickel superalloys; Inconel 718; recyclability
Gasper, Alexander
Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys
title Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys
title_full Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys
title_fullStr Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys
title_full_unstemmed Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys
title_short Spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of Nickel-based superalloys
title_sort spatter and powder evolution in laser powder bed fusion of nickel-based superalloys
topic Additive manufacturing; laser powder bed fusion; SLM; nickel superalloys; Inconel 718; recyclability
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/59237/