Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study
Objective - This research aimed to evaluate the content of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) in terms of its relevance, clarity, comprehensiveness, acceptability to adults with hearing loss, and responsiveness. Design - Cognitive interviews and a subject matter expert s...
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| Format: | Article |
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Taylor & Francis
2018
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52881/ |
| _version_ | 1848798831592865792 |
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| author | Heffernan, Eithne Coulson, Neil S. Ferguson, Melanie |
| author_facet | Heffernan, Eithne Coulson, Neil S. Ferguson, Melanie |
| author_sort | Heffernan, Eithne |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Objective - This research aimed to evaluate the content of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) in terms of its relevance, clarity, comprehensiveness, acceptability to adults with hearing loss, and responsiveness.
Design - Cognitive interviews and a subject matter expert survey were conducted. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis and a taxonomy of questionnaire clarity problems. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the survey data.
Study sample - Fourteen adults with hearing loss participated in the cognitive interviews. Twenty clinicians and academics completed the subject matter expert survey.
Results - The majority of the SPaRQ content was found to be relevant, clear, comprehensive, and acceptable. However, an important clarity problem was identified: many adults with hearing loss struggled to switch from answering positively-worded items (e.g. ‘I can attend social gatherings’) to answering negatively-worded items (e.g. ‘I feel isolated’). Several subject matter experts found responsiveness difficult to assess. The SPaRQ was amended where necessary.
Conclusions - Few hearing-specific questionnaires have undergone content evaluation. This study highlights the value of content evaluation as a means of identifying important flaws and improving the quality of a measure. The next stage of this research is a psychometric evaluation of the measure. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:26:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-52881 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:26:01Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-528812020-05-04T19:44:49Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52881/ Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study Heffernan, Eithne Coulson, Neil S. Ferguson, Melanie Objective - This research aimed to evaluate the content of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) in terms of its relevance, clarity, comprehensiveness, acceptability to adults with hearing loss, and responsiveness. Design - Cognitive interviews and a subject matter expert survey were conducted. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis and a taxonomy of questionnaire clarity problems. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the survey data. Study sample - Fourteen adults with hearing loss participated in the cognitive interviews. Twenty clinicians and academics completed the subject matter expert survey. Results - The majority of the SPaRQ content was found to be relevant, clear, comprehensive, and acceptable. However, an important clarity problem was identified: many adults with hearing loss struggled to switch from answering positively-worded items (e.g. ‘I can attend social gatherings’) to answering negatively-worded items (e.g. ‘I feel isolated’). Several subject matter experts found responsiveness difficult to assess. The SPaRQ was amended where necessary. Conclusions - Few hearing-specific questionnaires have undergone content evaluation. This study highlights the value of content evaluation as a means of identifying important flaws and improving the quality of a measure. The next stage of this research is a psychometric evaluation of the measure. Taylor & Francis 2018-07-02 Article PeerReviewed Heffernan, Eithne, Coulson, Neil S. and Ferguson, Melanie (2018) Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study. International Journal of Audiology . ISSN 1708-8186 Hearing loss; Audiology; Outcome measurement; Questionnaire; Qualitative research; Cognitive interviews; Social participation; Participation restrictions https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14992027.2018.1483585 doi:10.1080/14992027.2018.1483585 doi:10.1080/14992027.2018.1483585 |
| spellingShingle | Hearing loss; Audiology; Outcome measurement; Questionnaire; Qualitative research; Cognitive interviews; Social participation; Participation restrictions Heffernan, Eithne Coulson, Neil S. Ferguson, Melanie Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| title | Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| title_full | Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| title_fullStr | Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| title_short | Development of the Social Participation Restrictions Questionnaire (SPaRQ) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| title_sort | development of the social participation restrictions questionnaire (sparq) through consultation with adults with hearing loss, researchers, and clinicians: a content evaluation study |
| topic | Hearing loss; Audiology; Outcome measurement; Questionnaire; Qualitative research; Cognitive interviews; Social participation; Participation restrictions |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52881/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52881/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52881/ |