Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate
Butyric acid (butyrate) is a candidate marker of milk fat in complex fat blends, since it is exclusive of milk triacylglycerols (TAGs) from different ruminant species. In this work, we determined the amount of milk fat used for the preparation of fat blends by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR...
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Elsevier
2018
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52648/ |
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| author | Sacchi, Raffaele Paduano, Antonello Caporaso, Nicola Picariello, Gianluca Romano, Raffaele Addeo, Francesco |
| author_facet | Sacchi, Raffaele Paduano, Antonello Caporaso, Nicola Picariello, Gianluca Romano, Raffaele Addeo, Francesco |
| author_sort | Sacchi, Raffaele |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Butyric acid (butyrate) is a candidate marker of milk fat in complex fat blends, since it is exclusive of milk triacylglycerols (TAGs) from different ruminant species. In this work, we determined the amount of milk fat used for the preparation of fat blends by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy-based quantification of butyrate. When tested on fat samples spiked with known amounts of reference bovine milk fat (BCR-519 certified material), the relative composition of the mixtures was reliably assessed through the integration of the diagnostic 13C NMR carbonyl (C1) or α-carbonyl methylene (C2) resonances of butyrate. NMR data exhibited strict correlation with high resolution-gas chromatography (GC) of fatty acid methyl esters (R2 = 0.99), which was used as an independent and well-established method for the determination of butyrate. Thus, 13C NMR can be used for the direct assessment of milk fat content in fat mixtures, at a limit of detection lower than 5%, with clear advantages over the traditional GC methods in terms of speed, robustness and minimal sample handling. The natural variability of butyrate in milk has been taken into account to estimate the uncertainty associated with the milk fat content in unknown fat blends. |
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| id | nottingham-52648 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
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| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:25:08Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | nottingham-526482020-05-04T19:49:35Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52648/ Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate Sacchi, Raffaele Paduano, Antonello Caporaso, Nicola Picariello, Gianluca Romano, Raffaele Addeo, Francesco Butyric acid (butyrate) is a candidate marker of milk fat in complex fat blends, since it is exclusive of milk triacylglycerols (TAGs) from different ruminant species. In this work, we determined the amount of milk fat used for the preparation of fat blends by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy-based quantification of butyrate. When tested on fat samples spiked with known amounts of reference bovine milk fat (BCR-519 certified material), the relative composition of the mixtures was reliably assessed through the integration of the diagnostic 13C NMR carbonyl (C1) or α-carbonyl methylene (C2) resonances of butyrate. NMR data exhibited strict correlation with high resolution-gas chromatography (GC) of fatty acid methyl esters (R2 = 0.99), which was used as an independent and well-established method for the determination of butyrate. Thus, 13C NMR can be used for the direct assessment of milk fat content in fat mixtures, at a limit of detection lower than 5%, with clear advantages over the traditional GC methods in terms of speed, robustness and minimal sample handling. The natural variability of butyrate in milk has been taken into account to estimate the uncertainty associated with the milk fat content in unknown fat blends. Elsevier 2018-09-30 Article PeerReviewed Sacchi, Raffaele, Paduano, Antonello, Caporaso, Nicola, Picariello, Gianluca, Romano, Raffaele and Addeo, Francesco (2018) Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate. Food Control, 91 . pp. 231-236. ISSN 0956-7135 13C NMR; Milk fat; Butyric acid; Authenticity; Fat blends http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.011 doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.011 doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.011 |
| spellingShingle | 13C NMR; Milk fat; Butyric acid; Authenticity; Fat blends Sacchi, Raffaele Paduano, Antonello Caporaso, Nicola Picariello, Gianluca Romano, Raffaele Addeo, Francesco Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| title | Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| title_full | Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| title_short | Assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 C NMR spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| title_sort | assessment of milk fat content in fat blends by 13 c nmr spectroscopy analysis of butyrate |
| topic | 13C NMR; Milk fat; Butyric acid; Authenticity; Fat blends |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52648/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52648/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52648/ |