Endocrinology of transgender medicine
Gender affirming treatment for transgender people requires a multidisciplinary approach in which endocrinologists play a crucial role. The aim of this paper is to review recent data on hormonal treatment of this population and its effect on physical, psychological and mental health. The Endocrine So...
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| Format: | Article |
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Oxford University Press
2018
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52568/ |
| _version_ | 1848798756375363584 |
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| author | T’Sjoen, Guy Arcelus, Jon Gooren, Louis Klink, Daniel T. Tangpricha, Vin |
| author_facet | T’Sjoen, Guy Arcelus, Jon Gooren, Louis Klink, Daniel T. Tangpricha, Vin |
| author_sort | T’Sjoen, Guy |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Gender affirming treatment for transgender people requires a multidisciplinary approach in which endocrinologists play a crucial role. The aim of this paper is to review recent data on hormonal treatment of this population and its effect on physical, psychological and mental health. The Endocrine Society guidelines for transgender women include estrogens in combination with androgen lowering medications. Feminizing treatment with estrogens and anti-androgens has desired physical changes, such as enhanced breast growth, reduction of facial and body hair growth and fat redistribution in a female pattern. Possible side effects should be discussed with patients, particularly those at risk of venous thromboembolism. The Endocrine Society guidelines for transgender men include testosterone therapy for virilization with deepening of the voice, cessation of menses plus increase of muscle mass, facial and body hair. Due to the lack of evidence, treatment for gender non-binary people should be individualized. Young people may receive pubertal suspension, consisting of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs, later followed by sex steroids. Options for fertility preservation should be discussed before any hormonal intervention. Morbidity and cardiovascular risk with cross-sex hormones is unchanged among transgender men and unclear among transgender women. Sex steroid-related malignancies can occur, but are rare. Mental health problems such as depression and anxiety have been found to reduce considerably following hormonal treatment. Future studies should aim to explore the long-term outcome of hormonal treatment in transgender people and provide evidence as to effect of gender affirming treatment in the non-binary population. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:24:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-52568 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:24:50Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-525682020-05-04T19:41:47Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52568/ Endocrinology of transgender medicine T’Sjoen, Guy Arcelus, Jon Gooren, Louis Klink, Daniel T. Tangpricha, Vin Gender affirming treatment for transgender people requires a multidisciplinary approach in which endocrinologists play a crucial role. The aim of this paper is to review recent data on hormonal treatment of this population and its effect on physical, psychological and mental health. The Endocrine Society guidelines for transgender women include estrogens in combination with androgen lowering medications. Feminizing treatment with estrogens and anti-androgens has desired physical changes, such as enhanced breast growth, reduction of facial and body hair growth and fat redistribution in a female pattern. Possible side effects should be discussed with patients, particularly those at risk of venous thromboembolism. The Endocrine Society guidelines for transgender men include testosterone therapy for virilization with deepening of the voice, cessation of menses plus increase of muscle mass, facial and body hair. Due to the lack of evidence, treatment for gender non-binary people should be individualized. Young people may receive pubertal suspension, consisting of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs, later followed by sex steroids. Options for fertility preservation should be discussed before any hormonal intervention. Morbidity and cardiovascular risk with cross-sex hormones is unchanged among transgender men and unclear among transgender women. Sex steroid-related malignancies can occur, but are rare. Mental health problems such as depression and anxiety have been found to reduce considerably following hormonal treatment. Future studies should aim to explore the long-term outcome of hormonal treatment in transgender people and provide evidence as to effect of gender affirming treatment in the non-binary population. Oxford University Press 2018-06-21 Article PeerReviewed T’Sjoen, Guy, Arcelus, Jon, Gooren, Louis, Klink, Daniel T. and Tangpricha, Vin (2018) Endocrinology of transgender medicine. Endocrine Reviews . ISSN 0163-769X (In Press) transgender gender identity testosterone estrogen anti-androgen puberty |
| spellingShingle | transgender gender identity testosterone estrogen anti-androgen puberty T’Sjoen, Guy Arcelus, Jon Gooren, Louis Klink, Daniel T. Tangpricha, Vin Endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| title | Endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| title_full | Endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| title_fullStr | Endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| title_short | Endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| title_sort | endocrinology of transgender medicine |
| topic | transgender gender identity testosterone estrogen anti-androgen puberty |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52568/ |