A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat

Background Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth, and is required in large quantities by elite varieties of crops to maintain yields. Approximately 70% of global cultivated land suffers from P deficiency, and it has recently been estimated that worldwide P resources will b...

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Main Authors: Milner, Matthew J., Howells, Rhian M., Craze, Melanie, Bowden, Sarah, Graham, Neil, Wallington, Emma J.
Format: Article
Published: BioMed Central 2018
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52342/
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author Milner, Matthew J.
Howells, Rhian M.
Craze, Melanie
Bowden, Sarah
Graham, Neil
Wallington, Emma J.
author_facet Milner, Matthew J.
Howells, Rhian M.
Craze, Melanie
Bowden, Sarah
Graham, Neil
Wallington, Emma J.
author_sort Milner, Matthew J.
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Background Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth, and is required in large quantities by elite varieties of crops to maintain yields. Approximately 70% of global cultivated land suffers from P deficiency, and it has recently been estimated that worldwide P resources will be exhausted by the end of this century, increasing the demand for crops more efficient in their P usage. A greater understanding of how plants are able to maintain yield with lower P inputs is, therefore, highly desirable to both breeders and farmers. Here, we clone the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) homologue of the rice PSTOL gene (OsPSTOL), and characterize its role in phosphate nutrition plus other agronomically important traits. Results TaPSTOL is a single copy gene located on the short arm of chromosome 5A, encoding a putative kinase protein, and shares a high level of sequence similarity to OsPSTOL. We re-sequenced TaPSTOL from 24 different wheat accessions and (3) three T. durum varieties. No sequence differences were detected in 26 of the accessions, whereas two indels were identified in the promoter region of one of the durum wheats. We characterised the expression of TaPSTOL under different P concentrations and demonstrated that the promoter was induced in root tips and hairs under P limiting conditions. Overexpression and RNAi silencing of TaPSTOL in transgenic wheat lines showed that there was a significant effect upon root biomass, flowering time independent of P treatment, tiller number and seed yield, correlating with the expression of TaPSTOL. However this did not increase PUE as elevated P concentration in the grain did not correspond to increased yields. Conclusions Manipulation of TaPSTOL expression in wheat shows it is responsible for many of the previously described phenotypic advantages as OsPSTOL except yield. Furthermore, we show TaPSTOL contributes to additional agronomically important traits including flowering time and grain size. Analysis of TaPSTOL sequences from a broad selection of wheat varieties, encompassing 91% of the genetic diversity in UK bread wheat, showed that there is very little genetic variation in this gene, which would suggest that this locus may have been under high selection pressure.
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spelling nottingham-523422020-05-04T19:39:58Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52342/ A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat Milner, Matthew J. Howells, Rhian M. Craze, Melanie Bowden, Sarah Graham, Neil Wallington, Emma J. Background Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth, and is required in large quantities by elite varieties of crops to maintain yields. Approximately 70% of global cultivated land suffers from P deficiency, and it has recently been estimated that worldwide P resources will be exhausted by the end of this century, increasing the demand for crops more efficient in their P usage. A greater understanding of how plants are able to maintain yield with lower P inputs is, therefore, highly desirable to both breeders and farmers. Here, we clone the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) homologue of the rice PSTOL gene (OsPSTOL), and characterize its role in phosphate nutrition plus other agronomically important traits. Results TaPSTOL is a single copy gene located on the short arm of chromosome 5A, encoding a putative kinase protein, and shares a high level of sequence similarity to OsPSTOL. We re-sequenced TaPSTOL from 24 different wheat accessions and (3) three T. durum varieties. No sequence differences were detected in 26 of the accessions, whereas two indels were identified in the promoter region of one of the durum wheats. We characterised the expression of TaPSTOL under different P concentrations and demonstrated that the promoter was induced in root tips and hairs under P limiting conditions. Overexpression and RNAi silencing of TaPSTOL in transgenic wheat lines showed that there was a significant effect upon root biomass, flowering time independent of P treatment, tiller number and seed yield, correlating with the expression of TaPSTOL. However this did not increase PUE as elevated P concentration in the grain did not correspond to increased yields. Conclusions Manipulation of TaPSTOL expression in wheat shows it is responsible for many of the previously described phenotypic advantages as OsPSTOL except yield. Furthermore, we show TaPSTOL contributes to additional agronomically important traits including flowering time and grain size. Analysis of TaPSTOL sequences from a broad selection of wheat varieties, encompassing 91% of the genetic diversity in UK bread wheat, showed that there is very little genetic variation in this gene, which would suggest that this locus may have been under high selection pressure. BioMed Central 2018-06-08 Article PeerReviewed Milner, Matthew J., Howells, Rhian M., Craze, Melanie, Bowden, Sarah, Graham, Neil and Wallington, Emma J. (2018) A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat. BMC Plant Biology, 18 (1). 115/1-115/14. ISSN 1471-2229 Phosphate; PSTOL; Wheat; P; Seed size; Seed number; Flowering time; PUE https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-018-1331-4 doi:10.1186/s12870-018-1331-4 doi:10.1186/s12870-018-1331-4
spellingShingle Phosphate; PSTOL; Wheat; P; Seed size; Seed number; Flowering time; PUE
Milner, Matthew J.
Howells, Rhian M.
Craze, Melanie
Bowden, Sarah
Graham, Neil
Wallington, Emma J.
A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
title A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
title_full A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
title_fullStr A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
title_full_unstemmed A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
title_short A PSTOL-like gene, TaPSTOL, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
title_sort pstol-like gene, tapstol, controls a number of agronomically important traits in wheat
topic Phosphate; PSTOL; Wheat; P; Seed size; Seed number; Flowering time; PUE
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52342/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52342/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52342/