Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats

With the exception of classic functional adenomas in dogs and horses, pituitary lesions are infrequently described in the veterinary literature. Approximately 10% of pituitary glands from asymptomatic humans contain abnormalities but the equivalent proportion in small animals is unknown. Pituitary g...

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Main Authors: Polledo, L., Grinwis, Guy C.M., Graham, Peter, Dunning, Mark, Baiker, Kerstin
Format: Article
Published: SAGE 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51620/
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author Polledo, L.
Grinwis, Guy C.M.
Graham, Peter
Dunning, Mark
Baiker, Kerstin
author_facet Polledo, L.
Grinwis, Guy C.M.
Graham, Peter
Dunning, Mark
Baiker, Kerstin
author_sort Polledo, L.
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description With the exception of classic functional adenomas in dogs and horses, pituitary lesions are infrequently described in the veterinary literature. Approximately 10% of pituitary glands from asymptomatic humans contain abnormalities but the equivalent proportion in small animals is unknown. Pituitary glands from 136 dogs and 65 cats collected during routine necropsies were examined to determine the prevalence of pituitary lesions and their histopathological diagnosis. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Gordon and Sweet's reticulin and immunohistochemistry (against ACTH, GH, MSH-α and prolactin) stains for lesion characterisation.Pituitary abnormalities were identified in 36/136 (26.4%) dogs and 10/65 (15.3%) cats. Cystic changes were the most common lesion in dogs and cats, occurring in 18 (13.2%) dogs and 8 (12.3%) cats. Pituitary neoplasia was detected in 14.1% (12/85) of middle/old aged dogs; 1 (1.5%) cat had pituitary nodular hyperplasia. PAS enabled staining of secretory granules in ACTHimmunoreactive adenomas and reticulin stain helped differentiate them from hyperplastic nodules: adenomas showed PAS positive intracytoplasmic granules and loss of the normal reticulin network. One dog had a pituitary carcinoma with infiltration into the thalamus. Other pituitary abnormalities included: secondary metastases (2 dogs), hypophysitis (4 dogs, 1 cat). In the majority of cases the lesion appeared to be subclinical and could be considered incidental; of those cases with pituitary lesions, clinical manifestations were apparent in 4 dogs (2.9%) and no cats antemortem. Pituitary abnormalities are common in dogs and cats and their wider clinical relevance requires further investigation.
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spelling nottingham-516202020-05-04T19:41:44Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51620/ Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats Polledo, L. Grinwis, Guy C.M. Graham, Peter Dunning, Mark Baiker, Kerstin With the exception of classic functional adenomas in dogs and horses, pituitary lesions are infrequently described in the veterinary literature. Approximately 10% of pituitary glands from asymptomatic humans contain abnormalities but the equivalent proportion in small animals is unknown. Pituitary glands from 136 dogs and 65 cats collected during routine necropsies were examined to determine the prevalence of pituitary lesions and their histopathological diagnosis. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Gordon and Sweet's reticulin and immunohistochemistry (against ACTH, GH, MSH-α and prolactin) stains for lesion characterisation.Pituitary abnormalities were identified in 36/136 (26.4%) dogs and 10/65 (15.3%) cats. Cystic changes were the most common lesion in dogs and cats, occurring in 18 (13.2%) dogs and 8 (12.3%) cats. Pituitary neoplasia was detected in 14.1% (12/85) of middle/old aged dogs; 1 (1.5%) cat had pituitary nodular hyperplasia. PAS enabled staining of secretory granules in ACTHimmunoreactive adenomas and reticulin stain helped differentiate them from hyperplastic nodules: adenomas showed PAS positive intracytoplasmic granules and loss of the normal reticulin network. One dog had a pituitary carcinoma with infiltration into the thalamus. Other pituitary abnormalities included: secondary metastases (2 dogs), hypophysitis (4 dogs, 1 cat). In the majority of cases the lesion appeared to be subclinical and could be considered incidental; of those cases with pituitary lesions, clinical manifestations were apparent in 4 dogs (2.9%) and no cats antemortem. Pituitary abnormalities are common in dogs and cats and their wider clinical relevance requires further investigation. SAGE 2018-06-21 Article PeerReviewed Polledo, L., Grinwis, Guy C.M., Graham, Peter, Dunning, Mark and Baiker, Kerstin (2018) Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats. Veterinary Pathology . ISSN 1544-2217 Dogs cats adenohypohysis hyperadrenocorticism Crooke’s change incidentaloma hyperplasia pituitary gland neoplasms cysts inflammation http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0300985818784162 doi:10.1177/0300985818784162 doi:10.1177/0300985818784162
spellingShingle Dogs
cats
adenohypohysis
hyperadrenocorticism
Crooke’s change
incidentaloma
hyperplasia
pituitary gland
neoplasms
cysts
inflammation
Polledo, L.
Grinwis, Guy C.M.
Graham, Peter
Dunning, Mark
Baiker, Kerstin
Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
title Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
title_full Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
title_fullStr Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
title_full_unstemmed Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
title_short Pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
title_sort pathological findings in the pituitary glands of 201 dogs and cats
topic Dogs
cats
adenohypohysis
hyperadrenocorticism
Crooke’s change
incidentaloma
hyperplasia
pituitary gland
neoplasms
cysts
inflammation
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51620/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51620/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51620/