Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose
Transparent and flexible nanocomposite films with a range of Agarose to Cellulose Nano-Whisker (CNW) ratios were produced using never-dried CNWs. The incorporation of never-dried CNWs within Agarose played an important role in the surface roughness (Ra 7–15 nm) and light transparency of the films (f...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2018
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51162/ |
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| author | Felfel, Reda M. Hossain, Kazi M. Zakir Kabir, Sumaya F. Yee, Soon L. Ahmed, Ifty Grant, David M. |
| author_facet | Felfel, Reda M. Hossain, Kazi M. Zakir Kabir, Sumaya F. Yee, Soon L. Ahmed, Ifty Grant, David M. |
| author_sort | Felfel, Reda M. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Transparent and flexible nanocomposite films with a range of Agarose to Cellulose Nano-Whisker (CNW) ratios were produced using never-dried CNWs. The incorporation of never-dried CNWs within Agarose played an important role in the surface roughness (Ra 7–15 nm) and light transparency of the films (from 84 to 90%). Surface induced crystallisation of Agarose by CNWs was also found with increasing percentage of crystallinity (up to 79%) for the nanocomposite films, where CNW acted as nucleating sites. The enhanced tensile strength (ca. 30% increase) and modulus (ca. 90% increase) properties of the nanocomposite films compared to the control Agarose film indicated the effectiveness of the nanowhiskers incorporation. The storage modulus of the nanocomposite films increased also to be tripled Agarose alone as the CNWs content reached 43%. The swelling kinetics of the nanocomposites revealed that addition of CNWs reduced the long-term swelling capacity and swelling rate of the nanocomposite. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:19:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-51162 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:19:40Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-511622020-05-04T19:48:28Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51162/ Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose Felfel, Reda M. Hossain, Kazi M. Zakir Kabir, Sumaya F. Yee, Soon L. Ahmed, Ifty Grant, David M. Transparent and flexible nanocomposite films with a range of Agarose to Cellulose Nano-Whisker (CNW) ratios were produced using never-dried CNWs. The incorporation of never-dried CNWs within Agarose played an important role in the surface roughness (Ra 7–15 nm) and light transparency of the films (from 84 to 90%). Surface induced crystallisation of Agarose by CNWs was also found with increasing percentage of crystallinity (up to 79%) for the nanocomposite films, where CNW acted as nucleating sites. The enhanced tensile strength (ca. 30% increase) and modulus (ca. 90% increase) properties of the nanocomposite films compared to the control Agarose film indicated the effectiveness of the nanowhiskers incorporation. The storage modulus of the nanocomposite films increased also to be tripled Agarose alone as the CNWs content reached 43%. The swelling kinetics of the nanocomposites revealed that addition of CNWs reduced the long-term swelling capacity and swelling rate of the nanocomposite. Elsevier 2018-08-15 Article PeerReviewed Felfel, Reda M., Hossain, Kazi M. Zakir, Kabir, Sumaya F., Yee, Soon L., Ahmed, Ifty and Grant, David M. (2018) Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose. Carbohydrate Polymers, 194 . pp. 328-338. ISSN 1879-1344 Cellulose nanowhiskers; Agarose; Transparency; Crystallinity; Tensile properties; Swelling kinetics https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861718303734 doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.005 doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.005 |
| spellingShingle | Cellulose nanowhiskers; Agarose; Transparency; Crystallinity; Tensile properties; Swelling kinetics Felfel, Reda M. Hossain, Kazi M. Zakir Kabir, Sumaya F. Yee, Soon L. Ahmed, Ifty Grant, David M. Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| title | Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| title_full | Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| title_fullStr | Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| title_short | Flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| title_sort | flexible and transparent films produced from cellulose nanowhisker reinforced agarose |
| topic | Cellulose nanowhiskers; Agarose; Transparency; Crystallinity; Tensile properties; Swelling kinetics |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51162/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51162/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51162/ |