Why should majority voting be unfair?

The common use of majority rule in group decision making is puzzling. In theory, it inequitably favors the proposer, and paradoxically, it disadvantages voters further if they are inequity averse. In practice, however, outcomes are equitable. The present paper analyzes data from a novel experimental...

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Main Authors: Breitmoser, Yves, Tan, Jonathan H.W.
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2017
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50670/
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author Breitmoser, Yves
Tan, Jonathan H.W.
author_facet Breitmoser, Yves
Tan, Jonathan H.W.
author_sort Breitmoser, Yves
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description The common use of majority rule in group decision making is puzzling. In theory, it inequitably favors the proposer, and paradoxically, it disadvantages voters further if they are inequity averse. In practice, however, outcomes are equitable. The present paper analyzes data from a novel experimental design to identify the underlying social preferences. Our experiment compares one-shot and indefinite horizon versions of random-proposer majority bargaining (the Baron-Ferejohn game) which allow us to disentangle behaviors compatible with altruism, inequity aversion, and reference dependent altruism. Most subjects are classified as reference-dependent altruists, around 10% are inequity averse. Subjects are egoistic when their payoff is below their reference point, they become efficiency concerned when satisfied, and the reference point is either the ex ante expectation or the opponent's payoff. Finally, we successfully test RDA out-of-sample on a number of distribution and bargaining games from three seminal social preference experiments.
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spelling nottingham-506702020-05-04T19:15:26Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50670/ Why should majority voting be unfair? Breitmoser, Yves Tan, Jonathan H.W. The common use of majority rule in group decision making is puzzling. In theory, it inequitably favors the proposer, and paradoxically, it disadvantages voters further if they are inequity averse. In practice, however, outcomes are equitable. The present paper analyzes data from a novel experimental design to identify the underlying social preferences. Our experiment compares one-shot and indefinite horizon versions of random-proposer majority bargaining (the Baron-Ferejohn game) which allow us to disentangle behaviors compatible with altruism, inequity aversion, and reference dependent altruism. Most subjects are classified as reference-dependent altruists, around 10% are inequity averse. Subjects are egoistic when their payoff is below their reference point, they become efficiency concerned when satisfied, and the reference point is either the ex ante expectation or the opponent's payoff. Finally, we successfully test RDA out-of-sample on a number of distribution and bargaining games from three seminal social preference experiments. Elsevier 2017-11-01 Article PeerReviewed Breitmoser, Yves and Tan, Jonathan H.W. (2017) Why should majority voting be unfair? Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization . ISSN 0167-2681 (In Press) Bargaining; Voting; Experiment; Social preferences; Quantal response equilibrium https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268117302974 doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2017.10.015 doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2017.10.015
spellingShingle Bargaining; Voting; Experiment; Social preferences; Quantal response equilibrium
Breitmoser, Yves
Tan, Jonathan H.W.
Why should majority voting be unfair?
title Why should majority voting be unfair?
title_full Why should majority voting be unfair?
title_fullStr Why should majority voting be unfair?
title_full_unstemmed Why should majority voting be unfair?
title_short Why should majority voting be unfair?
title_sort why should majority voting be unfair?
topic Bargaining; Voting; Experiment; Social preferences; Quantal response equilibrium
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50670/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50670/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50670/