Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates
With the advent of wide-field cosmological surveys, we are approaching samples of hundreds of thousands of galaxy clusters. While such large numbers will help reduce statistical uncertainties, the control of systematics in cluster masses is crucial. Here we examine the effects of an important source...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2018
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49475/ |
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| author | Old, L. Wojtak, R. Pearce, F.R. Gray, M.E. Mamon, G.A. Sifón, C. Tempel, E. Biviano, A. Yee, H.K.C. de Carvalho, R. Müller, V. Sepp, T. Skibba, R.A. Croton, D. Bamford, S.P. Power, C. von der Linden, A. Saro, A. |
| author_facet | Old, L. Wojtak, R. Pearce, F.R. Gray, M.E. Mamon, G.A. Sifón, C. Tempel, E. Biviano, A. Yee, H.K.C. de Carvalho, R. Müller, V. Sepp, T. Skibba, R.A. Croton, D. Bamford, S.P. Power, C. von der Linden, A. Saro, A. |
| author_sort | Old, L. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | With the advent of wide-field cosmological surveys, we are approaching samples of hundreds of thousands of galaxy clusters. While such large numbers will help reduce statistical uncertainties, the control of systematics in cluster masses is crucial. Here we examine the effects of an important source of systematic uncertainty in galaxy-based cluster mass estimation techniques: the presence of significant dynamical substructure. Dynamical substructure manifests as dynamically distinct subgroups in phase-space, indicating an ‘unrelaxed’ state. This issue affects around a quarter of clusters in a generally selected sample. We employ a set of mock clusters whose masses have been measured homogeneously with commonly used galaxy-based mass estimation techniques (kinematic, richness, caustic, radial methods). We use these to study how the relation between observationally estimated and true cluster mass depends on the presence of substructure, as identified by various popular diagnostics. We find that the scatter for an ensemble of clusters does not increase dramatically for clusters with dynamical substructure. However, we find a systematic bias for all methods, such that clusters with significant substructure have higher measured masses than their relaxed counterparts. This bias depends on cluster mass: the most massive clusters are largely unaffected by the presence of significant substructure, but masses are significantly overestimated for lower mass clusters, by ∼10 per cent at 1014 and > or ~20 per cent for < or ~ 1013.5. The use of cluster samples with different levels of substructure can therefore bias certain cosmological parameters up to a level comparable to the typical uncertainties in current cosmological studies. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:12:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-49475 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:12:54Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-494752018-02-01T09:45:41Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49475/ Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates Old, L. Wojtak, R. Pearce, F.R. Gray, M.E. Mamon, G.A. Sifón, C. Tempel, E. Biviano, A. Yee, H.K.C. de Carvalho, R. Müller, V. Sepp, T. Skibba, R.A. Croton, D. Bamford, S.P. Power, C. von der Linden, A. Saro, A. With the advent of wide-field cosmological surveys, we are approaching samples of hundreds of thousands of galaxy clusters. While such large numbers will help reduce statistical uncertainties, the control of systematics in cluster masses is crucial. Here we examine the effects of an important source of systematic uncertainty in galaxy-based cluster mass estimation techniques: the presence of significant dynamical substructure. Dynamical substructure manifests as dynamically distinct subgroups in phase-space, indicating an ‘unrelaxed’ state. This issue affects around a quarter of clusters in a generally selected sample. We employ a set of mock clusters whose masses have been measured homogeneously with commonly used galaxy-based mass estimation techniques (kinematic, richness, caustic, radial methods). We use these to study how the relation between observationally estimated and true cluster mass depends on the presence of substructure, as identified by various popular diagnostics. We find that the scatter for an ensemble of clusters does not increase dramatically for clusters with dynamical substructure. However, we find a systematic bias for all methods, such that clusters with significant substructure have higher measured masses than their relaxed counterparts. This bias depends on cluster mass: the most massive clusters are largely unaffected by the presence of significant substructure, but masses are significantly overestimated for lower mass clusters, by ∼10 per cent at 1014 and > or ~20 per cent for < or ~ 1013.5. The use of cluster samples with different levels of substructure can therefore bias certain cosmological parameters up to a level comparable to the typical uncertainties in current cosmological studies. Oxford University Press 2018-03-21 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49475/1/stx3241.pdf Old, L., Wojtak, R., Pearce, F.R., Gray, M.E., Mamon, G.A., Sifón, C., Tempel, E., Biviano, A., Yee, H.K.C., de Carvalho, R., Müller, V., Sepp, T., Skibba, R.A., Croton, D., Bamford, S.P., Power, C., von der Linden, A. and Saro, A. (2018) Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 475 (1). pp. 853-866. ISSN 1365-2966 galaxies: clusters: general ; galaxies: groups: general ; galaxies: haloes ; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics ; cosmological parameters ; large-scale structure of Universe https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/475/1/853/4768260 doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3241 doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3241 |
| spellingShingle | galaxies: clusters: general ; galaxies: groups: general ; galaxies: haloes ; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics ; cosmological parameters ; large-scale structure of Universe Old, L. Wojtak, R. Pearce, F.R. Gray, M.E. Mamon, G.A. Sifón, C. Tempel, E. Biviano, A. Yee, H.K.C. de Carvalho, R. Müller, V. Sepp, T. Skibba, R.A. Croton, D. Bamford, S.P. Power, C. von der Linden, A. Saro, A. Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| title | Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| title_full | Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| title_fullStr | Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| title_short | Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project: III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| title_sort | galaxy cluster mass reconstruction project: iii. the impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates |
| topic | galaxies: clusters: general ; galaxies: groups: general ; galaxies: haloes ; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics ; cosmological parameters ; large-scale structure of Universe |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49475/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49475/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49475/ |