Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address
Electrochemical jet processing techniques have traditionally been considered to be limited to planar interactions with the electrolyte jet being maintained normal to the workpiece surface. In this study, the viability and resultant effects of articulating the nozzle relative to the work were investi...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2018
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49198/ |
| _version_ | 1848797943595794432 |
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| author | Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon Speidel, Alistair Clare, A.T. |
| author_facet | Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon Speidel, Alistair Clare, A.T. |
| author_sort | Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Electrochemical jet processing techniques have traditionally been considered to be limited to planar interactions with the electrolyte jet being maintained normal to the workpiece surface. In this study, the viability and resultant effects of articulating the nozzle relative to the work were investigated for the first time. Two machining conventions were defined, normal, where the jet is maintained perpendicular to the traverse direction, and push/pull, where the nozzle is rotated with respect to the direction of travel. It was found, with the normal convention that a range of differing resultant profile surface geometries could be created; unique to this process. This was demonstrated by the changing resultant side wall slopes found through the rotation of the head with up to 80% difference between the slopes of the cut walls. The adjacent wall to the nozzle slope decreasing as the jet angle approaches 90° whilst the opposite side wall slope increases. Predictable ratios of the differing slopes of the striation side walls were then able to be defined. The push/pull convention demonstrated that deeper, sharper cuts are possible due to the highly localising current density effect of nozzle inclination achieving a 35% increase in depth without requiring additional energy. Also, that resultant surface finish could be greatly improved, reducing the profile roughness (Ra) from 0.2 μm in the pull mode to 0.04 μm in the push mode achieving a mirror-like finish. The mechanics of these phenomena are investigated and defined. The influence of nozzle jet speed variation combined with inclining the jet was also studied. This was found to have no noticeable influence on the resultant profile when the nozzle is inclined. In contrast, when the nozzle is normal to the surface, jet velocity is seen to have a direct influence due to polarisation effects relating to the poor clearance of machining debris and the formation of oxides. It is shown that through variation of the angle of jet address an extra level of flexibility and performance is possible within electrochemical jet processes. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:11:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-49198 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:11:54Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-491982020-05-04T19:51:37Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49198/ Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon Speidel, Alistair Clare, A.T. Electrochemical jet processing techniques have traditionally been considered to be limited to planar interactions with the electrolyte jet being maintained normal to the workpiece surface. In this study, the viability and resultant effects of articulating the nozzle relative to the work were investigated for the first time. Two machining conventions were defined, normal, where the jet is maintained perpendicular to the traverse direction, and push/pull, where the nozzle is rotated with respect to the direction of travel. It was found, with the normal convention that a range of differing resultant profile surface geometries could be created; unique to this process. This was demonstrated by the changing resultant side wall slopes found through the rotation of the head with up to 80% difference between the slopes of the cut walls. The adjacent wall to the nozzle slope decreasing as the jet angle approaches 90° whilst the opposite side wall slope increases. Predictable ratios of the differing slopes of the striation side walls were then able to be defined. The push/pull convention demonstrated that deeper, sharper cuts are possible due to the highly localising current density effect of nozzle inclination achieving a 35% increase in depth without requiring additional energy. Also, that resultant surface finish could be greatly improved, reducing the profile roughness (Ra) from 0.2 μm in the pull mode to 0.04 μm in the push mode achieving a mirror-like finish. The mechanics of these phenomena are investigated and defined. The influence of nozzle jet speed variation combined with inclining the jet was also studied. This was found to have no noticeable influence on the resultant profile when the nozzle is inclined. In contrast, when the nozzle is normal to the surface, jet velocity is seen to have a direct influence due to polarisation effects relating to the poor clearance of machining debris and the formation of oxides. It is shown that through variation of the angle of jet address an extra level of flexibility and performance is possible within electrochemical jet processes. Elsevier 2018-05 Article PeerReviewed Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon, Speidel, Alistair and Clare, A.T. (2018) Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 255 . pp. 364-372. ISSN 0924-0136 Electrochemical machining; Angle of address; EJM; Micro-milling; Nickel superalloy https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924013617306179 doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.12.026 doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.12.026 |
| spellingShingle | Electrochemical machining; Angle of address; EJM; Micro-milling; Nickel superalloy Mitchell-Smith, Jonathon Speidel, Alistair Clare, A.T. Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| title | Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| title_full | Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| title_fullStr | Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| title_short | Advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| title_sort | advancing electrochemical jet methods through manipulation of the angle of address |
| topic | Electrochemical machining; Angle of address; EJM; Micro-milling; Nickel superalloy |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49198/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49198/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49198/ |