Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures
The pyrolysis of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) mixed with Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and theoretically analysed using thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. Mixtures of both materials with varying TBBPA loads (1:1, and 1:3) were prepared and...
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Springer
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47374/ |
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| author | Al-Harahsheh, Mohammad Al-Otoom, Awni Al-Jarrah, Muhannad Altarawneh, Mohammednoor Kingman, Sam |
| author_facet | Al-Harahsheh, Mohammad Al-Otoom, Awni Al-Jarrah, Muhannad Altarawneh, Mohammednoor Kingman, Sam |
| author_sort | Al-Harahsheh, Mohammad |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The pyrolysis of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) mixed with Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and theoretically analysed using thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. Mixtures of both materials with varying TBBPA loads (1:1, and 1:3) were prepared and pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere under dynamic heating conditions at heating rates of 5 and 10 ⁰C/min. The mixtures degraded through several steps including decomposition of TBBPA yielding mainly HBr, bromination of metal oxides, followed by their evaporation in the sequence of CuBr3, ZnBr2, PbBr2, FeBr2, MnBr2, KBr, NaBr, CaBr2 and MgBr2, and finally reduction of the remaining metal oxides by the char formed from decomposition of TBBPA. Thermodynamic calculations suggest the possibility of selective bromination of zinc and lead followed by their evaporation leaving iron in its oxide form, while the char formed may serve as a reduction agent for iron oxides into metallic iron. However, at higher TBBPA volumes, iron bromide forms, which can be also evaporated at a temperature higher than those of ZnBr2 and PbBr2. Results from this work provide practical insight into selective recovery of valuable metals from EAFD while at the same time recycling the hazardous bromine content in TBBPA. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:05:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-47374 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:05:20Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Springer |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-473742020-05-04T19:16:59Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47374/ Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures Al-Harahsheh, Mohammad Al-Otoom, Awni Al-Jarrah, Muhannad Altarawneh, Mohammednoor Kingman, Sam The pyrolysis of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) mixed with Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and theoretically analysed using thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. Mixtures of both materials with varying TBBPA loads (1:1, and 1:3) were prepared and pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere under dynamic heating conditions at heating rates of 5 and 10 ⁰C/min. The mixtures degraded through several steps including decomposition of TBBPA yielding mainly HBr, bromination of metal oxides, followed by their evaporation in the sequence of CuBr3, ZnBr2, PbBr2, FeBr2, MnBr2, KBr, NaBr, CaBr2 and MgBr2, and finally reduction of the remaining metal oxides by the char formed from decomposition of TBBPA. Thermodynamic calculations suggest the possibility of selective bromination of zinc and lead followed by their evaporation leaving iron in its oxide form, while the char formed may serve as a reduction agent for iron oxides into metallic iron. However, at higher TBBPA volumes, iron bromide forms, which can be also evaporated at a temperature higher than those of ZnBr2 and PbBr2. Results from this work provide practical insight into selective recovery of valuable metals from EAFD while at the same time recycling the hazardous bromine content in TBBPA. Springer 2017-11-09 Article PeerReviewed Al-Harahsheh, Mohammad, Al-Otoom, Awni, Al-Jarrah, Muhannad, Altarawneh, Mohammednoor and Kingman, Sam (2017) Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 49 (1). pp. 45-60. ISSN 1073-5615 Tetrabromobisphenol A Pyrolysis Electric Arc Furnace Dust Thermogravimetric Analysis thermodynamic calculations https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11663-017-1121-7 doi:10.1007/s11663-017-1121-7 doi:10.1007/s11663-017-1121-7 |
| spellingShingle | Tetrabromobisphenol A Pyrolysis Electric Arc Furnace Dust Thermogravimetric Analysis thermodynamic calculations Al-Harahsheh, Mohammad Al-Otoom, Awni Al-Jarrah, Muhannad Altarawneh, Mohammednoor Kingman, Sam Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures |
| title | Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures |
| title_full | Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures |
| title_fullStr | Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures |
| title_short | Thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Electric Arc Furnace Dust mixtures |
| title_sort | thermal analysis on the pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) and electric arc furnace dust mixtures |
| topic | Tetrabromobisphenol A Pyrolysis Electric Arc Furnace Dust Thermogravimetric Analysis thermodynamic calculations |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47374/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47374/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47374/ |