One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide
Polybetaines exhibit unique properties combining anti-polyelectrolyte and low protein fouling behaviour, as well as biocompatibility. To date, the synthesis of polybetaine particles >50 nm has proved to be extremely challenging with standard emulsion and dispersion techniques being unsuccessful....
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| Format: | Article |
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Royal Society of Chemistry
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47250/ |
| _version_ | 1848797499836334080 |
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| author | Bassett, Simon P. Birkin, Natasha A. Jennings, James Champman, Emma O'Reilly, Rachel K. Howdle, Steven M. Willcock, Helen |
| author_facet | Bassett, Simon P. Birkin, Natasha A. Jennings, James Champman, Emma O'Reilly, Rachel K. Howdle, Steven M. Willcock, Helen |
| author_sort | Bassett, Simon P. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Polybetaines exhibit unique properties combining anti-polyelectrolyte and low protein fouling behaviour, as well as biocompatibility. To date, the synthesis of polybetaine particles >50 nm has proved to be extremely challenging with standard emulsion and dispersion techniques being unsuccessful. Here we present the first reported synthesis of micron-sized, discrete cross-linked polybetaine particles, using polymerisation in scCO2 with methanol as a co-solvent. Discrete particles are produced only when the methanol is efficiently removed in situ using scCO2 extraction. A relatively high crosslinking agent initial concentration (10 wt%) was found to result in the most well defined particles, and particle integrity reduced as the crosslinking agent initial concentration was decreased. A monomer loading of between 3.0 × 10−2 mol L−1 and 1.8 × 10−1 mol L−1 resulted in discrete micron sized particles, with significant agglomoration occuring as the monomer loading was increased further. A spherical morphology and extremely low size dispersity was observed by SEM analysis for the optimised particles. The particles were readily re-dispersed in aqueous solution and light scattering measurements confirmed their low size dispersity. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:04:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-47250 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:04:51Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-472502020-05-04T18:53:43Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47250/ One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide Bassett, Simon P. Birkin, Natasha A. Jennings, James Champman, Emma O'Reilly, Rachel K. Howdle, Steven M. Willcock, Helen Polybetaines exhibit unique properties combining anti-polyelectrolyte and low protein fouling behaviour, as well as biocompatibility. To date, the synthesis of polybetaine particles >50 nm has proved to be extremely challenging with standard emulsion and dispersion techniques being unsuccessful. Here we present the first reported synthesis of micron-sized, discrete cross-linked polybetaine particles, using polymerisation in scCO2 with methanol as a co-solvent. Discrete particles are produced only when the methanol is efficiently removed in situ using scCO2 extraction. A relatively high crosslinking agent initial concentration (10 wt%) was found to result in the most well defined particles, and particle integrity reduced as the crosslinking agent initial concentration was decreased. A monomer loading of between 3.0 × 10−2 mol L−1 and 1.8 × 10−1 mol L−1 resulted in discrete micron sized particles, with significant agglomoration occuring as the monomer loading was increased further. A spherical morphology and extremely low size dispersity was observed by SEM analysis for the optimised particles. The particles were readily re-dispersed in aqueous solution and light scattering measurements confirmed their low size dispersity. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017-07-03 Article PeerReviewed Bassett, Simon P., Birkin, Natasha A., Jennings, James, Champman, Emma, O'Reilly, Rachel K., Howdle, Steven M. and Willcock, Helen (2017) One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide. Polymer Chemistry, 8 . pp. 4557-4564. ISSN 1759-9962 http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2017/py/c7py00455a doi:10.1039/C7PY00455A doi:10.1039/C7PY00455A |
| spellingShingle | Bassett, Simon P. Birkin, Natasha A. Jennings, James Champman, Emma O'Reilly, Rachel K. Howdle, Steven M. Willcock, Helen One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| title | One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| title_full | One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| title_fullStr | One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| title_short | One-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| title_sort | one-pot synthesis of micron-sized polybetaine particles: innovative use of supercritical carbon dioxide |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47250/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47250/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47250/ |