New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders

A selective deficit in processing the global (overall) motion, but not form, of spatially extensive objects in the visual scene is frequently associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including preterm birth. Existing theories that proposed to explain the origin of this visual impairment...

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Main Authors: Johnston, Richard, Pitchford, Nicola J., Roach, Neil W., Ledgeway, Timothy
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47087/
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author Johnston, Richard
Pitchford, Nicola J.
Roach, Neil W.
Ledgeway, Timothy
author_facet Johnston, Richard
Pitchford, Nicola J.
Roach, Neil W.
Ledgeway, Timothy
author_sort Johnston, Richard
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description A selective deficit in processing the global (overall) motion, but not form, of spatially extensive objects in the visual scene is frequently associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including preterm birth. Existing theories that proposed to explain the origin of this visual impairment are, however, challenged by recent research. In this review, we explore alternative hypotheses for why deficits in the processing of global motion, relative to global form, might arise. We describe recent evidence that has utilised novel tasks of global motion and global form to elucidate the underlying nature of the visual deficit reported in different neurodevelopmental disorders. We also examine the role of IQ and how the sex of an individual can influence performance on these tasks, as these are factors that are associated with performance on global motion tasks, but have not been systematically controlled for in previous studies exploring visual processing in clinical populations. Finally, we suggest that a new theoretical framework is needed for visual processing in neurodevelopmental disorders and present recommendations for future research.
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spelling nottingham-470872020-05-04T19:25:02Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47087/ New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders Johnston, Richard Pitchford, Nicola J. Roach, Neil W. Ledgeway, Timothy A selective deficit in processing the global (overall) motion, but not form, of spatially extensive objects in the visual scene is frequently associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including preterm birth. Existing theories that proposed to explain the origin of this visual impairment are, however, challenged by recent research. In this review, we explore alternative hypotheses for why deficits in the processing of global motion, relative to global form, might arise. We describe recent evidence that has utilised novel tasks of global motion and global form to elucidate the underlying nature of the visual deficit reported in different neurodevelopmental disorders. We also examine the role of IQ and how the sex of an individual can influence performance on these tasks, as these are factors that are associated with performance on global motion tasks, but have not been systematically controlled for in previous studies exploring visual processing in clinical populations. Finally, we suggest that a new theoretical framework is needed for visual processing in neurodevelopmental disorders and present recommendations for future research. Elsevier 2017-12-31 Article PeerReviewed Johnston, Richard, Pitchford, Nicola J., Roach, Neil W. and Ledgeway, Timothy (2017) New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 83 . pp. 32-45. ISSN 1873-7528 Neurodevelopmental disorders Vision Motion Form Integration Segmentation Sex IQ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763417302129?via%3Dihub doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.031 doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.031
spellingShingle Neurodevelopmental disorders
Vision
Motion
Form
Integration
Segmentation
Sex
IQ
Johnston, Richard
Pitchford, Nicola J.
Roach, Neil W.
Ledgeway, Timothy
New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
title New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
title_full New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
title_fullStr New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
title_full_unstemmed New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
title_short New insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
title_sort new insights into the role of motion and form vision in neurodevelopmental disorders
topic Neurodevelopmental disorders
Vision
Motion
Form
Integration
Segmentation
Sex
IQ
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47087/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47087/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47087/