Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications

Additive manufacturing (AM) proposes a novel paradigm for engineering design and manufacturing, which has profound economic, environmental, and security implications. The design freedom offered by this category of manufacturing processes and its ability to locally print almost each designable object...

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Main Authors: Kellens, Karel, Baumers, Martin, Gutowski, Timothy G., Flanagan, William, Lifset, Reid, Duflou, Joost R.
Format: Article
Published: Wiley for Yale University 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45499/
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author Kellens, Karel
Baumers, Martin
Gutowski, Timothy G.
Flanagan, William
Lifset, Reid
Duflou, Joost R.
author_facet Kellens, Karel
Baumers, Martin
Gutowski, Timothy G.
Flanagan, William
Lifset, Reid
Duflou, Joost R.
author_sort Kellens, Karel
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Additive manufacturing (AM) proposes a novel paradigm for engineering design and manufacturing, which has profound economic, environmental, and security implications. The design freedom offered by this category of manufacturing processes and its ability to locally print almost each designable object will have important repercussions across society. While AM applications are progressing from rapid prototyping to the production of end-use products, the environmental dimensions and related impacts of these evolving manufacturing processes have yet to be extensively examined. Only limited quantitative data are available on how AM manufactured products compare to conventionally manufactured ones in terms of energy and material consumption, transportation costs, pollution and waste, health and safety issues, as well as other environmental impacts over their full lifetime. Reported research indicates that the specific energy of current AM systems is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher compared to that of conventional manufacturing processes. However, only part of the AM process taxonomy is yet documented in terms of its environmental performance, and most life cycle inventory (LCI) efforts mainly focus on energy consumption. From an environmental perspective, AM manufactured parts can be beneficial for very small batches, or in cases where AM-based redesigns offer substantial functional advantages during the product use phase (e.g., lightweight part designs and part remanufacturing). Important pending research questions include the LCI of AM feedstock production, supply-chain consequences, and health and safety issues relating to AM.
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spelling nottingham-454992020-05-04T18:58:30Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45499/ Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications Kellens, Karel Baumers, Martin Gutowski, Timothy G. Flanagan, William Lifset, Reid Duflou, Joost R. Additive manufacturing (AM) proposes a novel paradigm for engineering design and manufacturing, which has profound economic, environmental, and security implications. The design freedom offered by this category of manufacturing processes and its ability to locally print almost each designable object will have important repercussions across society. While AM applications are progressing from rapid prototyping to the production of end-use products, the environmental dimensions and related impacts of these evolving manufacturing processes have yet to be extensively examined. Only limited quantitative data are available on how AM manufactured products compare to conventionally manufactured ones in terms of energy and material consumption, transportation costs, pollution and waste, health and safety issues, as well as other environmental impacts over their full lifetime. Reported research indicates that the specific energy of current AM systems is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher compared to that of conventional manufacturing processes. However, only part of the AM process taxonomy is yet documented in terms of its environmental performance, and most life cycle inventory (LCI) efforts mainly focus on energy consumption. From an environmental perspective, AM manufactured parts can be beneficial for very small batches, or in cases where AM-based redesigns offer substantial functional advantages during the product use phase (e.g., lightweight part designs and part remanufacturing). Important pending research questions include the LCI of AM feedstock production, supply-chain consequences, and health and safety issues relating to AM. Wiley for Yale University 2017-08-01 Article PeerReviewed Kellens, Karel, Baumers, Martin, Gutowski, Timothy G., Flanagan, William, Lifset, Reid and Duflou, Joost R. (2017) Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications. Journal of Industrial Ecology . ISSN 1530-9290 additive manufacturing energy efficiency industrial ecology resource efficiency sustainability 3D printing http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jiec.12629/abstract doi:10.1111/jiec.12629 doi:10.1111/jiec.12629
spellingShingle additive manufacturing
energy efficiency
industrial ecology
resource efficiency
sustainability
3D printing
Kellens, Karel
Baumers, Martin
Gutowski, Timothy G.
Flanagan, William
Lifset, Reid
Duflou, Joost R.
Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
title Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
title_full Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
title_fullStr Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
title_full_unstemmed Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
title_short Environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
title_sort environmental dimensions of additive manufacturing: mapping application domains and their environmental implications
topic additive manufacturing
energy efficiency
industrial ecology
resource efficiency
sustainability
3D printing
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45499/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45499/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45499/