Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein
Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to withstand the large increases in turgor pressure that have to be generated to open the pore that they surround. We have characterised FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to hydroxyprolin...
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| Format: | Article |
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American Society of Plant Biologists
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44897/ |
| _version_ | 1848797023162073088 |
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| author | Hunt, Lee Amsbury, Samuel Baillie, Alice Movahedi, Mahsa Mitchell, Alice Afsharinafar, Mana Swarup, Kamal Denyer, Thomas Hobbs, Jamie K. Swarup, Ranjan Fleming, Andrew J. Gray, Julie E. |
| author_facet | Hunt, Lee Amsbury, Samuel Baillie, Alice Movahedi, Mahsa Mitchell, Alice Afsharinafar, Mana Swarup, Kamal Denyer, Thomas Hobbs, Jamie K. Swarup, Ranjan Fleming, Andrew J. Gray, Julie E. |
| author_sort | Hunt, Lee |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to withstand the large increases in turgor pressure that have to be generated to open the pore that they surround. We have characterised FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to hydroxyproline-rich cell wall proteins. FOCL1-GFP localises to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL1 produce stomata without a cuticular ledge. Instead the majority of stomatal pores are entirely covered-over by a continuous fusion of the cuticle, and consequently plants have decreased levels of transpiration and display drought tolerance. The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the aperture of their stomatal pore in response to closure signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired. FOCL1 is also expressed in lateral root initials where it aids lateral root emergence. We propose that FOCL1 acts in these highly specialised cells of the stomata and root to impart cell wall strength at high turgor and/or to facilitate interactions between the cell wall and the cuticle. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:57:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-44897 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:57:17Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | American Society of Plant Biologists |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-448972020-05-04T19:56:12Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44897/ Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein Hunt, Lee Amsbury, Samuel Baillie, Alice Movahedi, Mahsa Mitchell, Alice Afsharinafar, Mana Swarup, Kamal Denyer, Thomas Hobbs, Jamie K. Swarup, Ranjan Fleming, Andrew J. Gray, Julie E. Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to withstand the large increases in turgor pressure that have to be generated to open the pore that they surround. We have characterised FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to hydroxyproline-rich cell wall proteins. FOCL1-GFP localises to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL1 produce stomata without a cuticular ledge. Instead the majority of stomatal pores are entirely covered-over by a continuous fusion of the cuticle, and consequently plants have decreased levels of transpiration and display drought tolerance. The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the aperture of their stomatal pore in response to closure signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired. FOCL1 is also expressed in lateral root initials where it aids lateral root emergence. We propose that FOCL1 acts in these highly specialised cells of the stomata and root to impart cell wall strength at high turgor and/or to facilitate interactions between the cell wall and the cuticle. American Society of Plant Biologists 2017-08 Article PeerReviewed Hunt, Lee, Amsbury, Samuel, Baillie, Alice, Movahedi, Mahsa, Mitchell, Alice, Afsharinafar, Mana, Swarup, Kamal, Denyer, Thomas, Hobbs, Jamie K., Swarup, Ranjan, Fleming, Andrew J. and Gray, Julie E. (2017) Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein. Plant Physiology, 174 (2). pp. 689-699. ISSN 1532-2548 http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/174/2/689 doi:10.1104/pp.16.01715 doi:10.1104/pp.16.01715 |
| spellingShingle | Hunt, Lee Amsbury, Samuel Baillie, Alice Movahedi, Mahsa Mitchell, Alice Afsharinafar, Mana Swarup, Kamal Denyer, Thomas Hobbs, Jamie K. Swarup, Ranjan Fleming, Andrew J. Gray, Julie E. Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| title | Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| title_full | Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| title_fullStr | Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| title_short | Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| title_sort | formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44897/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44897/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44897/ |