Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis

Recombinase enzymes catalyse invasion of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) into homologous duplex DNA forming "Displacement loops" (D-loops), a process called synapsis. This triggers homologous recombination (HR), which can follow several possible paths to underpin DNA repair and restart of bloc...

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Main Authors: Northall, Sarah J, Ivančić-Baće, Ivana, Soultanas, Panos, Bolt, Edward L
Format: Article
Published: MDPI 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44720/
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author Northall, Sarah J
Ivančić-Baće, Ivana
Soultanas, Panos
Bolt, Edward L
author_facet Northall, Sarah J
Ivančić-Baće, Ivana
Soultanas, Panos
Bolt, Edward L
author_sort Northall, Sarah J
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Recombinase enzymes catalyse invasion of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) into homologous duplex DNA forming "Displacement loops" (D-loops), a process called synapsis. This triggers homologous recombination (HR), which can follow several possible paths to underpin DNA repair and restart of blocked and collapsed DNA replication forks. Therefore, synapsis can be a checkpoint for controlling whether or not, how far, and by which pathway, HR proceeds to overcome an obstacle or break in a replication fork. Synapsis can be antagonized by limiting access of a recombinase to ssDNA and by dissociation of D-loops or heteroduplex formed by synapsis. Antagonists include DNA helicases and translocases that are identifiable in eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea, and which target synaptic and pre-synaptic DNA structures thereby controlling HR at early stages. Here we survey these events with emphasis on enabling DNA replication to be resumed from sites of blockage or collapse. We also note how knowledge of anti-recombination activities could be useful to improve efficiency of CRISPR-based genome editing.
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spelling nottingham-447202020-05-04T18:06:27Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44720/ Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis Northall, Sarah J Ivančić-Baće, Ivana Soultanas, Panos Bolt, Edward L Recombinase enzymes catalyse invasion of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) into homologous duplex DNA forming "Displacement loops" (D-loops), a process called synapsis. This triggers homologous recombination (HR), which can follow several possible paths to underpin DNA repair and restart of blocked and collapsed DNA replication forks. Therefore, synapsis can be a checkpoint for controlling whether or not, how far, and by which pathway, HR proceeds to overcome an obstacle or break in a replication fork. Synapsis can be antagonized by limiting access of a recombinase to ssDNA and by dissociation of D-loops or heteroduplex formed by synapsis. Antagonists include DNA helicases and translocases that are identifiable in eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea, and which target synaptic and pre-synaptic DNA structures thereby controlling HR at early stages. Here we survey these events with emphasis on enabling DNA replication to be resumed from sites of blockage or collapse. We also note how knowledge of anti-recombination activities could be useful to improve efficiency of CRISPR-based genome editing. MDPI 2016-08-19 Article PeerReviewed Northall, Sarah J, Ivančić-Baće, Ivana, Soultanas, Panos and Bolt, Edward L (2016) Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis. Genes, 7 (8). 52/1-52/12. ISSN 2073-4425 homologous recombination; synapsis; helicase; Hel308 http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/7/8/52 doi:10.3390/genes7080052 doi:10.3390/genes7080052
spellingShingle homologous recombination; synapsis; helicase; Hel308
Northall, Sarah J
Ivančić-Baće, Ivana
Soultanas, Panos
Bolt, Edward L
Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
title Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
title_full Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
title_fullStr Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
title_full_unstemmed Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
title_short Remodeling and control of homologous recombination by DNA helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
title_sort remodeling and control of homologous recombination by dna helicases and translocases that target recombinases and synapsis
topic homologous recombination; synapsis; helicase; Hel308
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44720/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44720/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44720/