Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T
Purpose: To develop a method that fits a multipool model to z-spectra acquired from non–steady state sequences, taking into account the effects of variations in T1 or B1 amplitude and the results estimating the parameters for a four-pool model to describe the z-spectrum from the healthy brain. Meth...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44702/ |
| _version_ | 1848796979023314944 |
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| author | Geades, Nicolas Hunt, Benjamin A. E. Shah, Simon Michael Peters, Andrew Mougin, Olivier E. Gowland, Penny A. |
| author_facet | Geades, Nicolas Hunt, Benjamin A. E. Shah, Simon Michael Peters, Andrew Mougin, Olivier E. Gowland, Penny A. |
| author_sort | Geades, Nicolas |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Purpose: To develop a method that fits a multipool model to z-spectra acquired from non–steady state sequences, taking into account the effects of variations in T1 or B1 amplitude and the results estimating the parameters for a four-pool model to describe the z-spectrum from the healthy brain.
Methods: We compared measured spectra with a look-up table (LUT) of possible spectra and investigated the potential advantages of simultaneously considering spectra acquired at different saturation powers (coupled spectra) to provide sensitivity to a range of different physicochemical phenomena.
Results: The LUT method provided reproducible results in healthy controls. The average values of the macromolecular pool sizes measured in white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) of 10 healthy volunteers were 8.9%6 0.3% (intersubject standard deviation) and 4.4%6 0.4%, respectively, whereas the average nuclear Overhauser effect pool sizes in WM and GM were 5%6 0.1% and 3%6 0.1%, respectively, and average amide proton transfer pool sizes in WM and GM were 0.21%6 0.03% and 0.20%6 0.02%, respectively.
Conclusions: The proposed method demonstrated increased robustness when compared with existing methods (such as Lorentzian fitting and asymmetry analysis) while yielding fully quantitative results. The method can be adjusted to measure other parameters relevant to the z-spectrum. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:56:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-44702 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:56:35Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-447022020-05-04T18:58:29Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44702/ Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T Geades, Nicolas Hunt, Benjamin A. E. Shah, Simon Michael Peters, Andrew Mougin, Olivier E. Gowland, Penny A. Purpose: To develop a method that fits a multipool model to z-spectra acquired from non–steady state sequences, taking into account the effects of variations in T1 or B1 amplitude and the results estimating the parameters for a four-pool model to describe the z-spectrum from the healthy brain. Methods: We compared measured spectra with a look-up table (LUT) of possible spectra and investigated the potential advantages of simultaneously considering spectra acquired at different saturation powers (coupled spectra) to provide sensitivity to a range of different physicochemical phenomena. Results: The LUT method provided reproducible results in healthy controls. The average values of the macromolecular pool sizes measured in white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) of 10 healthy volunteers were 8.9%6 0.3% (intersubject standard deviation) and 4.4%6 0.4%, respectively, whereas the average nuclear Overhauser effect pool sizes in WM and GM were 5%6 0.1% and 3%6 0.1%, respectively, and average amide proton transfer pool sizes in WM and GM were 0.21%6 0.03% and 0.20%6 0.02%, respectively. Conclusions: The proposed method demonstrated increased robustness when compared with existing methods (such as Lorentzian fitting and asymmetry analysis) while yielding fully quantitative results. The method can be adjusted to measure other parameters relevant to the z-spectrum. Wiley 2017-08-01 Article PeerReviewed Geades, Nicolas, Hunt, Benjamin A. E., Shah, Simon Michael, Peters, Andrew, Mougin, Olivier E. and Gowland, Penny A. (2017) Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 78 (2). pp. 645-655. ISSN 1522-2594 CEST; APT; NOE; MT; LUT; z-spectra http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mrm.26459/abstract doi:10.1002/mrm.26459 doi:10.1002/mrm.26459 |
| spellingShingle | CEST; APT; NOE; MT; LUT; z-spectra Geades, Nicolas Hunt, Benjamin A. E. Shah, Simon Michael Peters, Andrew Mougin, Olivier E. Gowland, Penny A. Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T |
| title | Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T |
| title_full | Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T |
| title_short | Quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7T |
| title_sort | quantitative analysis of the z-spectrum using a numerically simulated look-up table: application to the healthy human brain at 7t |
| topic | CEST; APT; NOE; MT; LUT; z-spectra |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44702/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44702/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44702/ |