Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Importance: Timing of introduction of allergenic foods to the infant diet may influence the risk of allergic or autoimmune disease, but the evidence for this has not been comprehensively synthesized. Objective: To systematically review and meta-analyze evidence that timing of allergenic food intro...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ierodiakonou, Despo, Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa, Logan, Andrew, Groome, Annabel, Cunha, Sergio, Chivinge, Jennifer, Robinson, Zoe, Geoghegan, Natalie, Jarrold, Katherine, Reeves, Tim, Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara, Nurmatov, Ulugbek, Trivella, Marialena, Leonardi-Bee, Jo, Boyle, Robert J.
Format: Article
Published: American Medical Association 2016
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44074/
_version_ 1848796831218139136
author Ierodiakonou, Despo
Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa
Logan, Andrew
Groome, Annabel
Cunha, Sergio
Chivinge, Jennifer
Robinson, Zoe
Geoghegan, Natalie
Jarrold, Katherine
Reeves, Tim
Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara
Nurmatov, Ulugbek
Trivella, Marialena
Leonardi-Bee, Jo
Boyle, Robert J.
author_facet Ierodiakonou, Despo
Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa
Logan, Andrew
Groome, Annabel
Cunha, Sergio
Chivinge, Jennifer
Robinson, Zoe
Geoghegan, Natalie
Jarrold, Katherine
Reeves, Tim
Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara
Nurmatov, Ulugbek
Trivella, Marialena
Leonardi-Bee, Jo
Boyle, Robert J.
author_sort Ierodiakonou, Despo
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Importance: Timing of introduction of allergenic foods to the infant diet may influence the risk of allergic or autoimmune disease, but the evidence for this has not been comprehensively synthesized. Objective: To systematically review and meta-analyze evidence that timing of allergenic food introduction during infancy influences risk of allergic or autoimmune disease. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and LILACS databases were searched between January 1946 and March 2016. Study Selection: Intervention trials and observational studies that evaluated timing of allergenic food introduction during the first year of life and reported allergic or autoimmune disease or allergic sensitization were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Data were extracted in duplicate and synthesized for meta-analysis using generic inverse variance or Mantel-Haenszel methods with a random-effects model. GRADE was used to assess the certainty of evidence. Main Outcomes and Measures: Wheeze, eczema, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, allergic sensitization, type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune thyroid disease, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Results: Of 16289 original titles screened, data were extracted from 204 titles reporting 146 studies. There was moderate-certainty evidence from 5 trials (1915 participants) that early egg introduction at 4 to 6 months was associated with reduced egg allergy (risk ratio [RR], 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36-0.87; I2 = 36%; P = .009). Absolute risk reduction for a population with 5.4% incidence of egg allergy was 24 cases (95% CI, 7-35 cases) per 1000 population. There was moderate-certainty evidence from 2 trials (1550 participants) that early peanut introduction at 4 to 11 months was associated with reduced peanut allergy (RR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.74; I2 = 66%; P = .009). Absolute risk reduction for a population with 2.5% incidence of peanut allergy was 18 cases (95% CI, 6-22 cases) per 1000 population. Certainty of evidence was downgraded because of imprecision of effect estimates and indirectness of the populations and interventions studied. Timing of egg or peanut introduction was not associated with risk of allergy to other foods. There was low- to very low-certainty evidence that early fish introduction was associated with reduced allergic sensitization and rhinitis. There was high-certainty evidence that timing of gluten introduction was not associated with celiac disease risk, and timing of allergenic food introduction was not associated with other outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance: In this systematic review, early egg or peanut introduction to the infant diet was associated with lower risk of developing egg or peanut allergy. These findings must be considered in the context of limitations in the primary studies.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T19:54:14Z
format Article
id nottingham-44074
institution University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T19:54:14Z
publishDate 2016
publisher American Medical Association
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling nottingham-440742020-05-04T18:19:22Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44074/ Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Ierodiakonou, Despo Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa Logan, Andrew Groome, Annabel Cunha, Sergio Chivinge, Jennifer Robinson, Zoe Geoghegan, Natalie Jarrold, Katherine Reeves, Tim Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara Nurmatov, Ulugbek Trivella, Marialena Leonardi-Bee, Jo Boyle, Robert J. Importance: Timing of introduction of allergenic foods to the infant diet may influence the risk of allergic or autoimmune disease, but the evidence for this has not been comprehensively synthesized. Objective: To systematically review and meta-analyze evidence that timing of allergenic food introduction during infancy influences risk of allergic or autoimmune disease. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and LILACS databases were searched between January 1946 and March 2016. Study Selection: Intervention trials and observational studies that evaluated timing of allergenic food introduction during the first year of life and reported allergic or autoimmune disease or allergic sensitization were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Data were extracted in duplicate and synthesized for meta-analysis using generic inverse variance or Mantel-Haenszel methods with a random-effects model. GRADE was used to assess the certainty of evidence. Main Outcomes and Measures: Wheeze, eczema, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, allergic sensitization, type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune thyroid disease, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Results: Of 16289 original titles screened, data were extracted from 204 titles reporting 146 studies. There was moderate-certainty evidence from 5 trials (1915 participants) that early egg introduction at 4 to 6 months was associated with reduced egg allergy (risk ratio [RR], 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36-0.87; I2 = 36%; P = .009). Absolute risk reduction for a population with 5.4% incidence of egg allergy was 24 cases (95% CI, 7-35 cases) per 1000 population. There was moderate-certainty evidence from 2 trials (1550 participants) that early peanut introduction at 4 to 11 months was associated with reduced peanut allergy (RR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.74; I2 = 66%; P = .009). Absolute risk reduction for a population with 2.5% incidence of peanut allergy was 18 cases (95% CI, 6-22 cases) per 1000 population. Certainty of evidence was downgraded because of imprecision of effect estimates and indirectness of the populations and interventions studied. Timing of egg or peanut introduction was not associated with risk of allergy to other foods. There was low- to very low-certainty evidence that early fish introduction was associated with reduced allergic sensitization and rhinitis. There was high-certainty evidence that timing of gluten introduction was not associated with celiac disease risk, and timing of allergenic food introduction was not associated with other outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance: In this systematic review, early egg or peanut introduction to the infant diet was associated with lower risk of developing egg or peanut allergy. These findings must be considered in the context of limitations in the primary studies. American Medical Association 2016-11-30 Article PeerReviewed Ierodiakonou, Despo, Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa, Logan, Andrew, Groome, Annabel, Cunha, Sergio, Chivinge, Jennifer, Robinson, Zoe, Geoghegan, Natalie, Jarrold, Katherine, Reeves, Tim, Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara, Nurmatov, Ulugbek, Trivella, Marialena, Leonardi-Bee, Jo and Boyle, Robert J. (2016) Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 316 (11). pp. 1181-1192. ISSN 1538-3598 http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2553447 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12623 doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12623
spellingShingle Ierodiakonou, Despo
Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa
Logan, Andrew
Groome, Annabel
Cunha, Sergio
Chivinge, Jennifer
Robinson, Zoe
Geoghegan, Natalie
Jarrold, Katherine
Reeves, Tim
Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara
Nurmatov, Ulugbek
Trivella, Marialena
Leonardi-Bee, Jo
Boyle, Robert J.
Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort timing of allergenic food tntroduction to the infant diet and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44074/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44074/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44074/