Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow

When an incident wave scatters off of an obstacle, it is partially reflected and partially transmitted. In theory, if the obstacle is rotating, waves can be amplified in the process, extracting energy from the scatterer. Here we describe in detail the first laboratory detection of this phenomenon, k...

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Main Authors: Torres, Theo, Patrick, Sam, Coutant, Antonin, Richartz, Mauricio, Tedford, Edmund W., Weinfurtner, Silke
Format: Article
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2017
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43862/
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author Torres, Theo
Patrick, Sam
Coutant, Antonin
Richartz, Mauricio
Tedford, Edmund W.
Weinfurtner, Silke
author_facet Torres, Theo
Patrick, Sam
Coutant, Antonin
Richartz, Mauricio
Tedford, Edmund W.
Weinfurtner, Silke
author_sort Torres, Theo
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description When an incident wave scatters off of an obstacle, it is partially reflected and partially transmitted. In theory, if the obstacle is rotating, waves can be amplified in the process, extracting energy from the scatterer. Here we describe in detail the first laboratory detection of this phenomenon, known as superradiance 1, 2, 3, 4. We observed that waves propagating on the surface of water can be amplified after being scattered by a draining vortex. The maximum amplification measured was 14% ± 8%, obtained for 3.70 Hz waves, in a 6.25-cm-deep fluid, consistent with the superradiant scattering caused by rapid rotation. We expect our experimental findings to be relevant to black-hole physics, since shallow water waves scattering on a draining fluid constitute an analogue of a black hole 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, as well as to hydrodynamics, due to the close relation to over-reflection instabilities 11, 12, 13.
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spelling nottingham-438622020-05-04T19:55:57Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43862/ Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow Torres, Theo Patrick, Sam Coutant, Antonin Richartz, Mauricio Tedford, Edmund W. Weinfurtner, Silke When an incident wave scatters off of an obstacle, it is partially reflected and partially transmitted. In theory, if the obstacle is rotating, waves can be amplified in the process, extracting energy from the scatterer. Here we describe in detail the first laboratory detection of this phenomenon, known as superradiance 1, 2, 3, 4. We observed that waves propagating on the surface of water can be amplified after being scattered by a draining vortex. The maximum amplification measured was 14% ± 8%, obtained for 3.70 Hz waves, in a 6.25-cm-deep fluid, consistent with the superradiant scattering caused by rapid rotation. We expect our experimental findings to be relevant to black-hole physics, since shallow water waves scattering on a draining fluid constitute an analogue of a black hole 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, as well as to hydrodynamics, due to the close relation to over-reflection instabilities 11, 12, 13. Nature Publishing Group 2017-09 Article PeerReviewed Torres, Theo, Patrick, Sam, Coutant, Antonin, Richartz, Mauricio, Tedford, Edmund W. and Weinfurtner, Silke (2017) Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow. Nature Physics, 13 . pp. 833-836. ISSN 1745-2481 Fluid dynamics High-energy astrophysics https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4151 doi:10.1038/nphys4151 doi:10.1038/nphys4151
spellingShingle Fluid dynamics
High-energy astrophysics
Torres, Theo
Patrick, Sam
Coutant, Antonin
Richartz, Mauricio
Tedford, Edmund W.
Weinfurtner, Silke
Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
title Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
title_full Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
title_fullStr Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
title_full_unstemmed Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
title_short Rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
title_sort rotational superradiant scattering in a vortex flow
topic Fluid dynamics
High-energy astrophysics
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43862/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43862/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43862/