Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving
Given the proliferation of ‘intelligent’ and ‘socially-aware’ digital assistants embodying everyday mobile technology – and the undeniable logic that utilising voice-activated controls and interfaces in cars reduces the visual and manual distraction of interacting with in-vehicle devices – it appear...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41814/ |
| _version_ | 1848796359024443392 |
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| author | Large, David R. Clark, Leigh Quandt, Annie Burnett, Gary Skrychuk, Lee |
| author_facet | Large, David R. Clark, Leigh Quandt, Annie Burnett, Gary Skrychuk, Lee |
| author_sort | Large, David R. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Given the proliferation of ‘intelligent’ and ‘socially-aware’ digital assistants embodying everyday mobile technology – and the undeniable logic that utilising voice-activated controls and interfaces in cars reduces the visual and manual distraction of interacting with in-vehicle devices – it appears inevitable that next generation vehicles will be embodied by digital assistants and utilise spoken language as a method of interaction. From a design perspective, defining the language and interaction style that a digital driving assistant should adopt is contingent on the role that they play within the social fabric and context in which they are situated. We therefore conducted a qualitative, Wizard-of-Oz study to explore how drivers might interact linguistically with a natural language digital driving assistant. Twenty-five participants drove for 10 min in a medium-fidelity driving simulator while interacting with a state-of-the-art, high-functioning, conversational digital driving assistant. All exchanges were transcribed and analysed using recognised linguistic techniques, such as discourse and conversation analysis, normally reserved for interpersonal investigation. Language usage patterns demonstrate that interactions with the digital assistant were fundamentally social in nature, with participants affording the assistant equal social status and high-level cognitive processing capability. For example, participants were polite, actively controlled turn-taking during the conversation, and used back-channelling, fillers and hesitation, as they might in human communication. Furthermore, participants expected the digital assistant to understand and process complex requests mitigated with hedging words and expressions, and peppered with vague language and deictic references requiring shared contextual information and mutual understanding. Findings are presented in six themes which emerged during the analysis – formulating responses; turn-taking; back-channelling, fillers and hesitation; vague language; mitigating requests and politeness and praise. The results can be used to inform the design of future in-vehicle natural language systems, in particular to help manage the tension between designing for an engaging dialogue (important for technology acceptance) and designing for an effective dialogue (important to minimise distraction in a driving context). |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:46:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-41814 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:46:43Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-418142020-05-04T18:41:33Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41814/ Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving Large, David R. Clark, Leigh Quandt, Annie Burnett, Gary Skrychuk, Lee Given the proliferation of ‘intelligent’ and ‘socially-aware’ digital assistants embodying everyday mobile technology – and the undeniable logic that utilising voice-activated controls and interfaces in cars reduces the visual and manual distraction of interacting with in-vehicle devices – it appears inevitable that next generation vehicles will be embodied by digital assistants and utilise spoken language as a method of interaction. From a design perspective, defining the language and interaction style that a digital driving assistant should adopt is contingent on the role that they play within the social fabric and context in which they are situated. We therefore conducted a qualitative, Wizard-of-Oz study to explore how drivers might interact linguistically with a natural language digital driving assistant. Twenty-five participants drove for 10 min in a medium-fidelity driving simulator while interacting with a state-of-the-art, high-functioning, conversational digital driving assistant. All exchanges were transcribed and analysed using recognised linguistic techniques, such as discourse and conversation analysis, normally reserved for interpersonal investigation. Language usage patterns demonstrate that interactions with the digital assistant were fundamentally social in nature, with participants affording the assistant equal social status and high-level cognitive processing capability. For example, participants were polite, actively controlled turn-taking during the conversation, and used back-channelling, fillers and hesitation, as they might in human communication. Furthermore, participants expected the digital assistant to understand and process complex requests mitigated with hedging words and expressions, and peppered with vague language and deictic references requiring shared contextual information and mutual understanding. Findings are presented in six themes which emerged during the analysis – formulating responses; turn-taking; back-channelling, fillers and hesitation; vague language; mitigating requests and politeness and praise. The results can be used to inform the design of future in-vehicle natural language systems, in particular to help manage the tension between designing for an engaging dialogue (important for technology acceptance) and designing for an effective dialogue (important to minimise distraction in a driving context). Elsevier 2017-04-12 Article PeerReviewed Large, David R., Clark, Leigh, Quandt, Annie, Burnett, Gary and Skrychuk, Lee (2017) Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving. Applied Ergonomics, 63 . pp. 53-61. ISSN 1872-9126 natural language interface digital assistant social Als driving simulation Wizard-of-Oz http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003687017300790 doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2017.04.003 doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2017.04.003 |
| spellingShingle | natural language interface digital assistant social Als driving simulation Wizard-of-Oz Large, David R. Clark, Leigh Quandt, Annie Burnett, Gary Skrychuk, Lee Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| title | Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| title_full | Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| title_fullStr | Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| title_full_unstemmed | Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| title_short | Steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| title_sort | steering the conversation: a linguistic exploration of natural language interactions with a digital assistant during simulated driving |
| topic | natural language interface digital assistant social Als driving simulation Wizard-of-Oz |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41814/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41814/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41814/ |