Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption
Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is generated and secreted by differentiated interstitial Leydig cells of the testes in both fetal and adult males of all mammalian species so far analyzed. All evidence to date suggests that it is produced constitutively, independently of acute regulation by the hypotha...
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| Format: | Article |
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Society for Reproduction and Fertility
2014
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41446/ |
| _version_ | 1848796275535773696 |
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| author | Anand-Ivell, Ravinder Ivell, Richard |
| author_facet | Anand-Ivell, Ravinder Ivell, Richard |
| author_sort | Anand-Ivell, Ravinder |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is generated and secreted by differentiated interstitial Leydig cells of the testes in both fetal and adult males of all mammalian species so far analyzed. All evidence to date suggests that it is produced constitutively, independently of acute regulation by the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, in amounts which reflect the numbers and differentiation status of the Leydig cells. This Leydig cell functional capacity is otherwise monitored only by androgen output, which, however, is massively confounded by acute regulation from the HPG axis and other factors leading to substantial and irregular short-term variation. Leydig cells are a primary target of endocrine-disrupting agents in the context of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome in the fetal male, as well as in the adult. In the male fetus, INSL3 is responsible for the first phase of testicular descent, and hence is directly linked to the etiology of cryptorchidism. In this study, by measuring INSL3 production, for example, during fetal life via amniotic fluid, or as secretions from fetal testis explants, or in adult peripheral blood, we and others have shown that INSL3 represents a useful quantitative and sensitive endpoint for assessing the impact of endocrine-disrupting agents and their mechanisms of action. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:45:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-41446 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:45:24Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Society for Reproduction and Fertility |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-414462020-05-04T16:43:33Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41446/ Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption Anand-Ivell, Ravinder Ivell, Richard Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is generated and secreted by differentiated interstitial Leydig cells of the testes in both fetal and adult males of all mammalian species so far analyzed. All evidence to date suggests that it is produced constitutively, independently of acute regulation by the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, in amounts which reflect the numbers and differentiation status of the Leydig cells. This Leydig cell functional capacity is otherwise monitored only by androgen output, which, however, is massively confounded by acute regulation from the HPG axis and other factors leading to substantial and irregular short-term variation. Leydig cells are a primary target of endocrine-disrupting agents in the context of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome in the fetal male, as well as in the adult. In the male fetus, INSL3 is responsible for the first phase of testicular descent, and hence is directly linked to the etiology of cryptorchidism. In this study, by measuring INSL3 production, for example, during fetal life via amniotic fluid, or as secretions from fetal testis explants, or in adult peripheral blood, we and others have shown that INSL3 represents a useful quantitative and sensitive endpoint for assessing the impact of endocrine-disrupting agents and their mechanisms of action. Society for Reproduction and Fertility 2014-04-01 Article PeerReviewed Anand-Ivell, Ravinder and Ivell, Richard (2014) Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption. Reproduction, 147 . R87-R95. ISSN 1741-7899 http://www.reproduction-online.org/content/147/4/R87 doi:10.1530/REP-13-0486 doi:10.1530/REP-13-0486 |
| spellingShingle | Anand-Ivell, Ravinder Ivell, Richard Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| title | Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| title_full | Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| title_fullStr | Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| title_short | Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| title_sort | insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41446/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41446/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41446/ |