Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?

This life cycle assessment measured environmental impacts of selective laser melting, to determine where most impacts arise: machine and supporting hardware; aluminum powder material used; or electricity used to print. Machine impacts and aluminum powder impacts were calculated by generating life cy...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Faludi, Jeremy, Baumers, Martin, Maskery, Ian, Hague, Richard
Format: Article
Published: Wiley 2016
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40613/
_version_ 1848796099406462976
author Faludi, Jeremy
Baumers, Martin
Maskery, Ian
Hague, Richard
author_facet Faludi, Jeremy
Baumers, Martin
Maskery, Ian
Hague, Richard
author_sort Faludi, Jeremy
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description This life cycle assessment measured environmental impacts of selective laser melting, to determine where most impacts arise: machine and supporting hardware; aluminum powder material used; or electricity used to print. Machine impacts and aluminum powder impacts were calculated by generating life cycle inventories of materials and processing; electricity use was measured by in-line power meter; transport and disposal were also assessed. Impacts were calculated as energy use (megajoules; MJ), ReCiPe Europe Midpoint H, and ReCiPe Europe Endpoint H/A. Previous research has shown that the efficiency of additive manufacturing depends on machine operation patterns; thus, scenarios were demarcated through notation listing different configurations of machine utilization, system idling, and postbuild part removal. Results showed that electricity use during printing was the dominant impact per part for nearly all scenarios, both in MJ and ReCiPe Endpoint H/A. However, some low-utilization scenarios caused printer embodied impacts to dominate these metrics, and some ReCiPe Midpoint H categories were always dominated by other sources. For printer operators, results indicate that maximizing capacity utilization can reduce impacts per part by a factor of 14 to 18, whereas avoiding electron discharge machining part removal can reduce impacts per part by 25% to 28%. For system designers, results indicate that reductions in energy consumption, both in the printer and auxiliary equipment, could significantly reduce the environmental burden of the process.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T19:42:36Z
format Article
id nottingham-40613
institution University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T19:42:36Z
publishDate 2016
publisher Wiley
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling nottingham-406132020-05-04T18:24:21Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40613/ Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate? Faludi, Jeremy Baumers, Martin Maskery, Ian Hague, Richard This life cycle assessment measured environmental impacts of selective laser melting, to determine where most impacts arise: machine and supporting hardware; aluminum powder material used; or electricity used to print. Machine impacts and aluminum powder impacts were calculated by generating life cycle inventories of materials and processing; electricity use was measured by in-line power meter; transport and disposal were also assessed. Impacts were calculated as energy use (megajoules; MJ), ReCiPe Europe Midpoint H, and ReCiPe Europe Endpoint H/A. Previous research has shown that the efficiency of additive manufacturing depends on machine operation patterns; thus, scenarios were demarcated through notation listing different configurations of machine utilization, system idling, and postbuild part removal. Results showed that electricity use during printing was the dominant impact per part for nearly all scenarios, both in MJ and ReCiPe Endpoint H/A. However, some low-utilization scenarios caused printer embodied impacts to dominate these metrics, and some ReCiPe Midpoint H categories were always dominated by other sources. For printer operators, results indicate that maximizing capacity utilization can reduce impacts per part by a factor of 14 to 18, whereas avoiding electron discharge machining part removal can reduce impacts per part by 25% to 28%. For system designers, results indicate that reductions in energy consumption, both in the printer and auxiliary equipment, could significantly reduce the environmental burden of the process. Wiley 2016-12-27 Article PeerReviewed Faludi, Jeremy, Baumers, Martin, Maskery, Ian and Hague, Richard (2016) Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate? Journal of Industrial Ecology . ISSN 1530-9290 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jiec.12528/abstract;jsessionid=A343962FE23BF486E8189B495780EFF4.f03t01 doi:10.1111/jiec.12528 doi:10.1111/jiec.12528
spellingShingle Faludi, Jeremy
Baumers, Martin
Maskery, Ian
Hague, Richard
Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
title Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
title_full Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
title_fullStr Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
title_full_unstemmed Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
title_short Environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
title_sort environmental impacts of selective laser melting: do printer, powder, or power dominate?
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40613/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40613/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40613/