Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy
There is evidence for impaired selective learning mechanisms in individuals high in schizotypy. Overshadowing provides a direct test of selective learning based on cue salience and has previously been reported to be impaired in relation to schizotypy scores. The present study tested for overshadowin...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39561/ |
| _version_ | 1848795865365348352 |
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| author | Pickett, Clare Cassaday, Helen J. Bibby, Peter A. |
| author_facet | Pickett, Clare Cassaday, Helen J. Bibby, Peter A. |
| author_sort | Pickett, Clare |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | There is evidence for impaired selective learning mechanisms in individuals high in schizotypy. Overshadowing provides a direct test of selective learning based on cue salience and has previously been reported to be impaired in relation to schizotypy scores. The present study tested for overshadowing using food allergy and Lego construction task variants. Both variants used the same number of conditioned stimulus (CS) cues and the same number of learning trials. CS cues were trained in compound pairs or in isolation and overshadowing was subsequently tested on trials followed by negative versus positive outcomes. Participants also completed the O-LIFE to measure schizotypy and BIS-BAS scales to measure reinforcement sensitivity. Learning was demonstrated for both cue variants; however overshadowing emerged only in the Lego variant and only on the trials followed by the negative outcome. Contrary to expectations, there was no evidence for any relationship between overshadowing and O-LIFE scores. However, there was evidence of a positive relationship between overshadowing and BAS-Drive as well as a negative relationship with BIS-Anxiety, for the trials followed by the positive outcome in the food allergy variant. These results suggest that the development of overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity, but not necessarily on schizotypy. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:38:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-39561 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:38:53Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-395612020-05-04T18:37:47Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39561/ Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy Pickett, Clare Cassaday, Helen J. Bibby, Peter A. There is evidence for impaired selective learning mechanisms in individuals high in schizotypy. Overshadowing provides a direct test of selective learning based on cue salience and has previously been reported to be impaired in relation to schizotypy scores. The present study tested for overshadowing using food allergy and Lego construction task variants. Both variants used the same number of conditioned stimulus (CS) cues and the same number of learning trials. CS cues were trained in compound pairs or in isolation and overshadowing was subsequently tested on trials followed by negative versus positive outcomes. Participants also completed the O-LIFE to measure schizotypy and BIS-BAS scales to measure reinforcement sensitivity. Learning was demonstrated for both cue variants; however overshadowing emerged only in the Lego variant and only on the trials followed by the negative outcome. Contrary to expectations, there was no evidence for any relationship between overshadowing and O-LIFE scores. However, there was evidence of a positive relationship between overshadowing and BAS-Drive as well as a negative relationship with BIS-Anxiety, for the trials followed by the positive outcome in the food allergy variant. These results suggest that the development of overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity, but not necessarily on schizotypy. Elsevier 2017-03-15 Article PeerReviewed Pickett, Clare, Cassaday, Helen J. and Bibby, Peter A. (2017) Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy. Behavioural Brain Research, 321 . pp. 123-129. ISSN 1872-7549 Overshadowing; Associative learning; Task motivation; Schizotypy; Reinforcement sensitivity http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016643281630938X doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.12.031 doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.12.031 |
| spellingShingle | Overshadowing; Associative learning; Task motivation; Schizotypy; Reinforcement sensitivity Pickett, Clare Cassaday, Helen J. Bibby, Peter A. Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| title | Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| title_full | Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| title_fullStr | Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| title_short | Overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| title_sort | overshadowing depends on cue and reinforcement sensitivity but not schizotypy |
| topic | Overshadowing; Associative learning; Task motivation; Schizotypy; Reinforcement sensitivity |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39561/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39561/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39561/ |